Henry’s Law Coefficient of Hydrazoic Acid

Betterton, Eric A.; Robinson, Jill L.

doi:10.1080/10473289.1997.10464060

Cited by 17 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The general features of ClN 3 can be made out but they are difficult to quantify because of unavoidable decomposition of ClN 3 during the titration, which is seen in the shifting isosbestic points. 14 …”

Section: Chlorine Azide (Cln 3 ) Identificationmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A JEOL 500 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer, a 10 mm low band probe, and 10 mm glass tubes (Norell 1008-UP RB) were utilized to analyze solutions via 14 Between 128 and 32,768 scans were required for adequate signal to noise ratios. Spectra were collected from 1200 to 400 ppm, and 400 to −400 ppm.…”

Section: Nmrmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The N 2 yield was 101 ± 4% of the theoretical expectations (≈12 mL). 14 Chloride production was quantified in unbuffered aqueous solution where it was found to be approximately 98% of the expected yield (initially 1:…”

Section: Stoichiometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The azide ion is readily protonated in aqueous solution (pK a = 4.65) to yield volatile hydrazoic acid (HN 3 ), which is itself toxic, so the atmospheric fate of azide substance is also of interest and has recently been described [5,[14][15][16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of sodium azide with hypochlorite in aqueous solution

Betterton

Lowry

Ingamells

et al. 2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Section: Chlorine Azide (Cln 3 ) Identificationmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Nmrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stoichiometrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of sodium azide with hypochlorite in aqueous solution

Betterton

Lowry

Ingamells

et al. 2010

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…This has greatly increased the potential for accidental environmental releases and for human exposure to this highly toxic material. Aqueous sodium azide is readily hydrolyzed to yield hydrazoic acid, HN3 (pKa 4.7), a volatile substance that partitions strongly to the gas phase (KH ) 12 M atm -1 ) under atmospheric conditions (2). For example, even at concentrations as low as 6.5 ppm (m/v) NaN3 in the aqueous phase (pH 6.5) the gas-phase concentration reaches the threshold limit value of 0.11 ppmv (as hydrazoic acid gas) so there is interest in understanding the fate of atmospheric hydrazoic acid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Chemistry of Hydrazoic Acid (HN₃): UV Absorption Spectrum, HO^• Reaction Rate, and Reactions of the ^•N₃ Radical

Tyndall¹,

Betterton

Lowry³

et al. 2005

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Processes related to the tropospheric lifetime and fate of hydrazoic acid, HN3, have been studied. The ultraviolet absorption spectrum of HN3 is shown to possess a maximum near 262 nm with a tail extending to at least 360 nm. The photolysis quantum yield for HN3 is shown to be approximately 1 at 351 nm. Using the measured spectrum and assuming unity quantum yield throughout the actinic region, a diurnally averaged photolysis lifetime near the earth's surface of 2-3 days is estimated. Using a relative rate method, the rate coefficient for reaction of HO with HN3 was found to be (3.9 +/-0.8) x 10(-12) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1), substantially larger than the only previous measurement. The atmospheric HN3 lifetime with respect to HO oxidation is thus about 2-3 days, assuming a diurnally averaged [HO] of 10(6) molecule cm(-3). Reactions of N3, the product of the reaction of HO with HN3, were studied in an environmental chamber using an FTIR spectrometer for end-product analysis. The N3 radical reacts efficiently with NO, producing N2O with 100% yield. Reaction of N3 with NO2 appears to generate both NO and N2O, although the rate coefficient for this reaction is slower than that for reaction with NO. No evidence for reaction of N3 with CO was observed, in contrast to previous literature data. Reaction of N3 with O2 was found to be extremely slow, k < 6 x 10(-20) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1), although this upper limit does not necessarily rule out its occurrence in the atmosphere. Finally, the rate coefficient for reaction of Cl with HN3 was measured using a relative rate method, k = (1.0+/-0.2) x 10(-12) cm3 molecule(-1) s(-1).

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Physical, chemical and environmental properties of selected chemical alternatives for the pre‐plant use of methyl bromide as soil fumigant

Ruzo

2005

Pest Management Science

116

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Production and use of methyl bromide, a soil fumigant, are being restricted because of this chemical's deleterious effects on stratospheric ozone concentrations. Several products, some of which are currently used as soil fumigants, are being considered as possible replacements for methyl bromide, alone and in various combinations. Among these, 1,3-dichloropropene, methyl isothiocyanate generators such as metam-sodium, and chloropicrin are currently registered, while others such as methyl iodide and sodium azide are at different stages of the registration process. This review examines physicochemical properties, environmental fate, and metabolism of the various potential methyl bromide replacement products.

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Henry’s Law Coefficient of Hydrazoic Acid

Abstract: The Henry's law constant, K H , of dilute aqueous hydrazoic acid, HN 3 , was determined experimentally for the first time as a function of concentration and temperature in a packed column. K H was found to be 12.0 ± 0.7 M atm -1 at 25 °C, µ = 0.02 M ((8.4 ± 0.5) x 10 -3 kPa m 3 mol -1

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of sodium azide with hypochlorite in aqueous solution

Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of sodium azide with hypochlorite in aqueous solution

Atmospheric Chemistry of Hydrazoic Acid (HN₃): UV Absorption Spectrum, HO^• Reaction Rate, and Reactions of the ^•N₃ Radical

Physical, chemical and environmental properties of selected chemical alternatives for the pre‐plant use of methyl bromide as soil fumigant

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Henry’s Law Coefficient of Hydrazoic Acid

Abstract: The Henry's law constant, K H , of dilute aqueous hydrazoic acid, HN 3 , was determined experimentally for the first time as a function of concentration and temperature in a packed column. K H was found to be 12.0 ± 0.7 M atm -1 at 25 °C, µ = 0.02 M ((8.4 ± 0.5) x 10 -3 kPa m 3 mol -1

Cited by 17 publications

References 8 publications

Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of sodium azide with hypochlorite in aqueous solution

Kinetics and mechanism of the reaction of sodium azide with hypochlorite in aqueous solution

Atmospheric Chemistry of Hydrazoic Acid (HN3): UV Absorption Spectrum, HO• Reaction Rate, and Reactions of the •N3 Radical

Physical, chemical and environmental properties of selected chemical alternatives for the pre‐plant use of methyl bromide as soil fumigant

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Atmospheric Chemistry of Hydrazoic Acid (HN₃): UV Absorption Spectrum, HO^• Reaction Rate, and Reactions of the ^•N₃ Radical