Hemorrhages From Lacerations of the Cardiac Orifice of the Stomach Due to Vomiting

Mallory, G. Kenneth; Weiss, Soma

doi:10.1097/00000441-192910000-00005

Cited by 261 publications

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“…The decrease in blood pressure following severe vomiting and confirmation of laceration of the cardiac mucosa on follow-up endoscopy may have suggested that the intramural hematomain our patient was associated with a variant type of Mallory-Weiss syndrome, but the true direct cause of the hematomawas unknown. Mallory-Weiss syndrome is characterized by massive hematemesis following laceration of the gastroesophageal area, associated with or induced by retching or forceful vomiting (22). In our patient, however, blood released from ruptured blood vessels in the stomach wall entered the gastric wall, rather than the lumen, thereby forming a hematoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

A Giant Intramural Gastric Hematoma Successfully Treated by Transcatheter Arterial Embolization.

et al. 2000

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Wedescribe a case of intramural gastric hematomawith hemorrhagic shock caused by the formation of a large hematoma.Computedtomographic and angiographic examinations confirmed the presence of active bleeding into the hematoma. Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) was performed for hemostasis. To our knowledge, although 21 cases of intramural gastric hematomahave been reported in the literature, this is apparently the first case treated by TAE. We conclude that TAEis a safe and effective treatment option for intramural gastric hematomaconfirmed to be associated with active bleeding into the hematoma.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 65%

A Giant Intramural Gastric Hematoma Successfully Treated by Transcatheter Arterial Embolization.

et al. 2000

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“…The term MWS was coined in 1929 when Mallory and Weiss reported a case in which hematemesis occurred in a patient who repeatedly vomited after drinking alcohol [1]. The bleeding in MWS originates from lacerations near the esophagogastric mucosal junction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of Mallory-Weiss Syndrome Secondary to Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Inoué¹,

Fujino²,

Onodera³

et al. 2014

OJCD

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Background: In Mallory-Weiss Syndrome (MWS), vomiting causes the mucous membrane and submucosa near the esophagogastric mucosal junction to tear and bleed. Thus, MWS can arise after heavy drinking and as a complication of endoscopic upper gastrointestinal examinations or procedures. However, there has been no report of MWS secondary to upper gastrointestinal bleeding thus far. Case Subjects: Of 79 MWS cases over a 10-year period from 2002 to 2011, we identified and studied 6 cases, in which MWS was probably caused by another lesion causing upper gastrointestinal bleeding. Results: There were 2 cases, each of gastric ulcers, duodenal ulcers, and varicose veins. In 3 cases, MWS was discovered during treatment of the primary lesion and was simultaneously treated. In the other 3 cases, patients were treated for MWS according to endoscopic diagnosis, and the primary lesion was overlooked; in these cases, the primary lesion was identified and treated after the bleeding recurred. One patient with cirrhosis died of hepatic failure. Conclusion: Care should be taken when dealing with MWS because it can occur as a result of vomiting caused by hematemesis or as a complication of endoscopic examination and treatment. When assessing MWS, other hemorrhagic lesions may be overlooked.

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“…1 Mallory-Weiss tear (MWT) is a laceration (tear) in the esophageal mucous membrane (inner lining) at the site where the distal esophagus meets the proximal stomach. The lacerations often lead to bleeding from submucosal arteries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and endoscopic profile of patients with Mallory- Weiss tears

et al. 2017

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Background: Mallory-Weiss tear is mainly located across the gastro-esophageal mucosal junction and presents with upper gastro-intestinal bleed of less severity. Haemorrhage frequently ceases spontaneously. Aims and Objective: This study was undertaken to establish the incidence, clinical and endoscopic profile of patients with Mallory-Weiss tear. Materials and Methods: Six hundred patients presenting with acute upper gastrointestinal (UGI) bleed were included in the study. All patients underwent UGI endoscopy after achieving haemodynamic stability, usually within 24 hours. Cases with Mallory Weiss tear were identified and their clinical presentation, endoscopic findings, outcomes during hospitalization including rebleeding and mortality were studied. Results: Twenty eight (4.6%) patients out of six hundred acute upper gastro-intestinal bleed were diagnosed with Mallory-Weiss tear. Fourteen (50%) patients gave history of prior vomiting or preceeding retching. Only two patients (7.1%) presented with shock. The most common co-morbid condition was excessive alcohol consumption. Eighteen (64.3%) patients had no active bleeding during UGI endoscopy. All patients except four presented with a single tear with mean length of two cms. Blood transfusion was needed in eight (28.6%) patients only. Only one patient had re-bleeding. Average hospital admission was three days. No mortality was recorded in 7 days and 28 days of follow ups. Conclusions: Mallory-Weiss tear is not an uncommon cause of UGI bleeding nowadays and its incidence is rising every year. Hemorrhage frequently ceases spontaneously and conservative management is sufficient in many instances. When endoscopic findings reveal active haemorrhage, various endoscopic hemostatic techniques can be used.

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Hemorrhages From Lacerations of the Cardiac Orifice of the Stomach Due to Vomiting

Cited by 261 publications

References 0 publications

A Giant Intramural Gastric Hematoma Successfully Treated by Transcatheter Arterial Embolization.

A Giant Intramural Gastric Hematoma Successfully Treated by Transcatheter Arterial Embolization.

A Study of Mallory-Weiss Syndrome Secondary to Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding

Clinical and endoscopic profile of patients with Mallory- Weiss tears

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