Hemoptysis in HIV−Infected Patients

The causes of haemoptysis in Malaysian patients aged over 60 and the diagnostic yield of different investigations

“…However, even in the last decade, regions such as South Africa, 7 Morocco, 8 New York 9 and Israel 6 still found TB (1–73%) and/or bronchiectasis (15–51%) together with carcinoma (5–34%) and bronchitis (0–18%) to be the main reasons for haemoptysis. In patients who were HIV‐infected, infection was the leading cause (80% of known causes) and was attributed to bacterial pneumonia and infrequently TB 10 …”

“…In patients who were HIV-infected, infection was the leading cause (80% of known causes) and was attributed to bacterial pneumonia and infrequently TB. 10 A recent report 11 on massive haemoptysis in the Asia-Pacific region cited pulmonary TB and post-TB bronchiectasis as the most common causes, highlighting the reason that a presumptive diagnosis of pulmonary TB is often made for haemoptysis in this region. Empirical anti-TB therapy, with all its attendant complications and non-compliance problems, is = 4), Haemophilus influenzae ( n = 1), and three unidentified organisms in the older age group.…”

“…The condition can be fatal and it is in the patients’ interests to establish a treatable cause as soon as possible to avoid this eventuality. The causes cited in the literature, however, appear to vary with time, geographical regions studied as well as the different investigational modalities utilised 1–10 . Regional concern in the Asia‐Pacific with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) means that presumptive diagnosis of TB and its empirical treatment is still an acceptable mode of management 11 .…”

“…The causes cited in the literature, however, appear to vary with time, geographical regions studied as well as the different investigational modalities utilised. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] Regional concern in the Asia-Pacific with pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) means that presumptive diagnosis of TB and its empirical treatment is still an acceptable mode of management. 11 This is particularly true for older patients who are perceived to be less fit for interventional investigations.…”

Hemoptysıs and General Approach

“…İnfluenza gibi virüslerde şid-detli hemoptizinin sebebi olabilirler. Pulmoner Kaposi sarkomuna yol açan HIV virüsü de hemoptiziye neden olabilir (24,25).…”