“…Hematopoietic cytokines are a large group of proteins normally found in blood that are involved with clonal expansion and lineage restriction of stem and progenitor cells within the hematopoietic system (39,44,47). Many of these cytokines including erythropoietin (EPO), colony stimulating factor (CSF), and several members of the interleukin (IL) family are found within the brain and have been shown to influence the development of neurons (44).…”