Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in children, associated with diarrhea (literature review)

Abstract

Typical hemolytic-uremic syndrome (tGUS) is an acute disease in which non-immune microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia and acute renal damage develop against the background of infection-related diarrhea in the prodromal period. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome is the main cause of acute kidney injury in children under 5 years of age. Hemolytic-uremic syndrome is one of the causes of the progression of renal dysfunction in children with the formation of chronic kidney disease. The clinical picture of hemolytic-uremic syndrome is characterized by multi-organ manifestations with symptoms of acute renal damage, damage to the gastrointestinal tract, nervous, cardiovascular, respiratory systems and hemostasis. The article presents the data of modern literature on the epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis and clinical picture of HUS in children, own scientific results on the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of a typical hemolytic-uremic syndrome in children of the Orenburg region.