Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in a postpartum mare concurrent with encephalopathy in the neonatal foal

Dickinson, Charles E.; Gould, Douglas; Davidson, A.; Avery, P.; Legare, Marie E.; Hyatt, Doreene R.; DebRoy, Chitrita

doi:10.1177/104063870802000218

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Known differential diagnoses for canine TMA include CRGV (Carpenter and others 1988) and haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS). HUS has previously been reported in five dogs (Holloway and others 1993, Chantrey and others 2002, Dell'Orco and others 2005), three cats (Aronson and Gregory 1999) and a number of other species (Morris and others 1987, Roby and others 1987, Garcia and others 2002, Dickinson and others 2008). CRGV has been almost exclusively reported in greyhounds (Carpenter and others 1988, Hendricks 2000), although there is one report of an affected Great Dane (Rotermund and others 2002).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…E. coli shiga toxin has not been identified in dogs with HUS ( Holloway and others 1993 , Chantrey and others 2002 , Dell'Orco and others 2005 ) or CRGV ( Rotermund and others 2002 ). Shiga toxin has been identified in one horse ( Dickinson and others 2008 ) and two of three rabbits previously reported with HUS ( Garcia and others 2002 ). Shiga toxin producing E. coli , Salmonella and Campylobacter were not identified in the faeces or kidneys of dogs in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy as a cause of acute kidney injury in dogs in the UK

Holm

Hawkins²,

Robin

et al. 2015

Veterinary Record

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To describe the signalment, clinicopathological findings and outcome in dogs presenting with acute kidney injury (AKI) and skin lesions between November 2012 and March 2014, in whom cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy (CRGV) was suspected and renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) was histopathologically confirmed. The medical records of dogs with skin lesions and AKI, with histopathologically confirmed renal TMA, were retrospectively reviewed. Thirty dogs from across the UK were identified with clinicopathological findings compatible with CRGV. These findings included the following: skin lesions, predominantly affecting the distal extremities; AKI; and variably, anaemia, thrombocytopaenia and hyperbilirubinaemia. Known causes of AKI were excluded. The major renal histopathogical finding was TMA. All thirty dogs died or were euthanised. Shiga toxin was not identified in the kidneys of affected dogs. Escherichia coli genes encoding shiga toxin were not identified in faeces from affected dogs. CRGV has previously been reported in greyhounds in the USA, a greyhound in the UK, without renal involvement, and a Great Dane in Germany. This is the first report of a series of non-greyhound dogs with CRGV and AKI in the UK. CRGV is a disease of unknown aetiology carrying a poor prognosis when azotaemia develops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy as a cause of acute kidney injury in dogs in the UK

Holm

Hawkins²,

Robin

et al. 2015

Veterinary Record

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“…Laboratory diagnosis of DIC include thrombocytopenia (usually < 100.000/µL), prolonged PT, aPTT, low fibrinogen (< 150mg/dL), low ATIII activity and increased FDP sor D-dimers [1]. In horses hemolytic uremic syndrome is produced by acute renal failure with microangiopathicintravasculary hemolysis and disseminated or renal intravascular coagulation [59,60].…”

Section: Increased Consumption and Loss Of Plateletsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpretation of Platelets in The Horse

2017

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Currently we can consider that, in addition to its role in hemostasis, platelets also participate in other important processes such as thrombosis, inflammation, tissue remodeling and the innate defense mechanisms. The hemostatic activity of platelets includes different events to stop bleeding. Within these functions we can mention the adhesion to the endothelium of the affected blood vessel, the activation, the aggregation, and the release of substances that initiate hemostatic events, and also the providing a phospholipid surface for activation of numerous coagulation factors. Similarly, platelets release multiple growth factors responsible for regulating the growth and division of endothelial cells and fibroblasts. In this way, among other things, angiogenesis and tissue regeneration are favored. Platelets also participate in inflammatory processes by the release of factors that initiate the inflammatory cascade and favor the chemotaxis of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, acute phase proteins and target cell signaling. Finally, platelets participate in the immune response by interacting with the complement system and immunoglobulins.

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“…In cattle, they produce calf scours and mastitis; in pigs they are the etiologic agents for post-weaning diarrhea and edema disease; and in chickens they cause peritonitis and airsaccullitis. In horses, extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) cause bronchopneumonia, hemolytic uremic syndrome, and encephalopathy (DebRoy et al , 2008; Dickinson et al ., 2008). In dogs, cats, and tigers, ExPEC strains have been reported to cause bronchopneumonia (Handt et al ., 2003; Sura et al , 2007; Carvallo et al ., 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular serogrouping ofEscherichia coli

DebRoy

Fratamico

Roberts

2018

Anim. Health. Res. Rev.

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O-antigens present on the surface of Escherichia coli provide antigenic specificity for the strain and are the main components for O-serogroup designation. Serotyping using O-group-specific antisera for the identification of E. coli O-serogroups has been traditionally the gold-standard for distinguishing E. coli strains. Knowledge of the O-group is important for determining pathogenic lineage, classifying E. coli for epidemiological studies, for determining virulence, and for tracing outbreaks of diseases and sources of infection. However, serotyping has limitations, as the antisera generated against each specific O-group may cross-react, many strains are non-typeable, and others can autoagglutinate or be rough (lacking an O-antigen). Currently, the nucleotide sequences are available for most of the 187 designated E. coli O-groups. Public health and other laboratories are considering whole genome sequencing to develop genotypic methods to determine O-groups. These procedures require instrumentation and analysis that may not be accessible and may be cost-prohibitive at this time. In this review, we have identified unique gene sequences within the O-antigen gene clusters and have targeted these genes for identification of O-groups using the polymerase chain reaction. This information can be used to distinguish O-groups by developing other platforms for E. coli diagnostics in the future.

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Hemolytic-uremic syndrome in a postpartum mare concurrent with encephalopathy in the neonatal foal

Cited by 16 publications

References 10 publications

Cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy as a cause of acute kidney injury in dogs in the UK

Cutaneous and renal glomerular vasculopathy as a cause of acute kidney injury in dogs in the UK

Interpretation of Platelets in The Horse

Molecular serogrouping ofEscherichia coli

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