Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome Associated With Streptococcus pneumoniae

Streptococcus pneumoniae-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome

“…This test is not widely available. These findings support the role of the TF antigen-IgM antibody interaction in the pathogenesis of pneumococcal HUS [12].…”

“…The arterial vessels usually appear normal [12]. Immunofluorescence staining is negative except for weak staining for IgM [6,11,12]. Special staining with immunofluorescence-labeled peanut agglutinin has been found to be positive in the glomeruli [6,11,13,22] and tubules [12] of several patients.…”

“…Early reports indicated that this rare condition was associated with a very poor clinical outcome. Of the 12 patients reported in the English language literature between 1977 and 1987, 50% died and 67% of the survivors developed chronic kidney disease or hypertension [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13].…”

“…Occasionally, the fibrin thrombi can extend beyond the capillaries into the afferent arterioles [6]. Varying degrees of mesangial proliferation, focal or widespread glomerulonephritis, crescent formation, and tubular atrophy may occur [6,11,12]. The arterial vessels usually appear normal [12].…”

“…Varying degrees of mesangial proliferation, focal or widespread glomerulonephritis, crescent formation, and tubular atrophy may occur [6,11,12]. The arterial vessels usually appear normal [12]. Immunofluorescence staining is negative except for weak staining for IgM [6,11,12].…”