Hemolysis of human erythrocytes by transient electric field.

Kinosita, Kazuhiko; Tsong, Tian Yow

doi:10.1073/pnas.74.5.1923

Cited by 257 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…pombe with significant GF (FITCdextran uptake) have negligible RF following exposure to PI 25 min after the pulse, indicating significant resealing of pores through which FITCdextran earlier entered. However, this degree of membrane recovery does not rule out the presence of still smaller pores, which can lead to chemical imbalances and eventual cell death [30]. Here, for reasons not presently understood, significant delayed cell death occurs for Sch.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroporation: High frequency of occurrence of a transient high‐permeability state in erythrocytes and intact yeast

et al. 1988

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We present the first determinations of population distributions of macromolecule uptake due to electroporation, the percentage of cells which participate and, for the yeast, the subpopulation of cells whose membranes exhibit significant recovery following macromolecule uptake. Flow cytometry is used to measure the uptake of a first test molecule (green fluorescence, FITC-dextran; 70 kDa) and also, for the yeast, the subsequent uptake of a second, much smaller, test molecule (red fluorescence, propidium iodide; 660 Da), which provides a measure of membrane recovery. A dramatic 20% (erythrocytes) to 75% (intact Schizosaccharomycespombe) of cells can take up the first test molecule within 5 min of a pulse.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroporation: High frequency of occurrence of a transient high‐permeability state in erythrocytes and intact yeast

et al. 1988

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“…4). By exposing a suspension of cells or organelles to an electric field it is possible to directly impose an electrical potential difference across the membrane (Alf).…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthesis of adenosine triphosphate in respiration-inhibited submitochondrial particles induced by microsecond electric pulses

Teissié

Knox

Tsong

et al. 1981

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP was induced in nonrespiring submitochondrial particles (SMP) from rat liver by the application of electric pulses with field strengths of kV/ cm and a decay time of60 pas. In all cases respiration was inhibited completely by using cyanide or rotenone. Newly formed ATP was measured by two independent methods, (i) the luciferase/luciferin bioluminescence assay and (ii) synthesis of [3P]ATP from ADP and 32Pi. Both The mechanism by which energy released during respiration is used to synthesize the terminal phosphate bond of ATP has been the subject ofinvestigation for many years. Recent studies have focused on the role of the mitochondrial inner membrane in the energy transducing process (1). In addition to organizing the complex multienzyme systems of electron transport, such a membrane has the ability to store energy, in the form ofchemical concentration gradients and ofcharge separations. The formation ofan electrochemical gradient and the subsequent conversion of its energy into the chemical bond energy ofATP has been postulated as the basic mechanism ofenergy transduction (1).Experiments have been designed to test the above hypothesis. Jagendorf and Uribe (2) were able to form a pH gradient (ApH) across the chloroplast thylakoid membrane. By rapidly transferring chloroplasts from an acidic to a basic medium in the dark they induced ATP synthesis. Similar experiments were performed on submitochondrial particles (SMP) from beef heart, using a proton and K+ concentration jump (3). In fact, reasonable rates of ATP synthesis were achieved by a K+ concentration jump alone, but the presence ofa K+ ionophore was found to be essential. In these experiments effects of changes in proton or ion concentrations on the membrane enzyme activity were difficult to assess. Artificial ionophores may also alter membrane structure.An alternative approach is to use high-voltage electric pulse techniques (see, for example, ref. 4). By exposing a suspension of cells or organelles to an electric field it is possible to directly impose an electrical potential difference across the membrane (Alf). This A4i is position dependent, and different locales at the membrane surface may experience different levels of Afi (see Fig. 1 and Discussion). Witt and his coworkers (5) have employed this technique in the chloroplast system and observed that a 30-ms electric pulse with a field strength of 1.1 kV/cm induced ATP synthesis in the dark. Their results demonstrate that externally applied electrical energy may be utilized for ATP synthesis by the light energy transducing system. Experiments with SMP are inherently more difficult because oftheir smaller size. Ten to 30 times greater field strength must be used to generate the same A+. Joule heating thus becomes more severe. In this communication, we report the induction ofATP synthesis in SMP (from rat liver) by a microsecond electric pulse, in the presence ofcyanide or rotenone to completely inhibit respiration. By using two independent and complementary me...

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“…Possible risks due to cell damage by electric breakdown of membranes have to be considered only for very high microwave-pulse intensities [5], [6] …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Measurement of Power Density in a Lossy Material by Means of Electro-Magnetically Induced Acoustic Signals for Non-Invasive Determination of Spatial Thermal Absorption in Connection with Pulsed Hyperthermia

Caspers

Conway

1982

12th European Microwave Conference, 1982

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For non-invasive determination of the spatial power density distribution during RF-and microwave hyperthermia it is proposed to apply the electromagnetic energy as short, high intensity pulses. This pulsed signal should have the same average power and thus give the same temperature elevation as the CW source usually applied. Due to the high peak power of the equivalent pulsed signal, with a duty cycle < 1:100, externally measurable thermoacoustic oscillations are induced in the irradiated object. They can be evaluated for the reconstruction of a spatial power density profile. For non-invasive determination of the spatial power density distribution during RF-and microwave hyperthermia it is proposed to apply the electromagnetic energy as short, high intensity pulses. This pulsed signal should have the same average power and thus give the same temperature elevation as the CW source usually applied. Due to the high peak power of the equivalent pulsed signal, with a duty cycle < 1:100, externally measurable thermoacoustic oscillations are induced in the irradiated object. They can be evaluated for the reconstruction of a spatial power density profile.

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Hemolysis of human erythrocytes by transient electric field.

Cited by 257 publications

References 18 publications

Electroporation: High frequency of occurrence of a transient high‐permeability state in erythrocytes and intact yeast

Electroporation: High frequency of occurrence of a transient high‐permeability state in erythrocytes and intact yeast

Synthesis of adenosine triphosphate in respiration-inhibited submitochondrial particles induced by microsecond electric pulses

Measurement of Power Density in a Lossy Material by Means of Electro-Magnetically Induced Acoustic Signals for Non-Invasive Determination of Spatial Thermal Absorption in Connection with Pulsed Hyperthermia

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