Hemoglobin mass after 21 days of conventional altitude training at 1816m

Pottgießer, Torben; Ahlgrim, Christoph; Ruthardt, Sebastian; Dickhuth, Hans-Hermann; Schumacher, Yorck Olaf

doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2008.06.005

Cited by 23 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Individual, deidentified raw data were provided from 17 studies8 13 14 19–31; seven were classic altitude training (ie, living and training on a mountain) studies,13 22 23 28 29 31 32 eight were live high train low (LHTL) studies8 14 19–21 25 27 30 and two included a mixture of classic and LHTL modalities 24 26. Regardless of the form of altitude or simulated altitude, hereafter, all such studies will be referred to as ‘altitude’ studies for simplicity.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altitude training and haemoglobin mass from the optimised carbon monoxide rebreathing method determined by a meta-analysis

et al. 2013

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ObjectiveTo characterise the time course of changes in haemoglobin mass (Hbmass) in response to altitude exposure.MethodsThis meta-analysis uses raw data from 17 studies that used carbon monoxide rebreathing to determine Hbmass prealtitude, during altitude and postaltitude. Seven studies were classic altitude training, eight were live high train low (LHTL) and two mixed classic and LHTL. Separate linear-mixed models were fitted to the data from the 17 studies and the resultant estimates of the effects of altitude used in a random effects meta-analysis to obtain an overall estimate of the effect of altitude, with separate analyses during altitude and postaltitude. In addition, within-subject differences from the prealtitude phase for altitude participant and all the data on control participants were used to estimate the analytical SD. The ‘true’ between-subject response to altitude was estimated from the within-subject differences on altitude participants, between the prealtitude and during-altitude phases, together with the estimated analytical SD.ResultsDuring-altitude Hbmass was estimated to increase by ∼1.1%/100 h for LHTL and classic altitude. Postaltitude Hbmass was estimated to be 3.3% higher than prealtitude values for up to 20 days. The within-subject SD was constant at ∼2% for up to 7 days between observations, indicative of analytical error. A 95% prediction interval for the ‘true’ response of an athlete exposed to 300 h of altitude was estimated to be 1.1–6%.ConclusionsCamps as short as 2 weeks of classic and LHTL altitude will quite likely increase Hbmass and most athletes can expect benefit.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altitude training and haemoglobin mass from the optimised carbon monoxide rebreathing method determined by a meta-analysis

et al. 2013

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“…Adequate altitude (minimum 2100-2500 m) and duration of the stay are important factors for achieving significant increase in red blood cell mass (Pottgieser et al, 2009 (Nagata et al, 2007 ). (Feelders, 1998).…”

Section: Scheme Of the Daily Training Program During The Stay At 3000mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of short-term high altitude training on inflammatory and prooxidative-antioxidative indices in alpine ski athletes

Elegańczyk-Kot¹,

Nowak²,

Karolkiewicz³

et al. 2011

Journal of Human Kinetics

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“…The severity of altitude is important because the amount of time taken to adapt to the hypoxic stress is proportionally longer. For elite endurance athletes, we consider altitudes from 1800 to 2500 m to be optimal for classical altitude training, although one study showed that 21 days classical altitude training at 1816 m may not be high enough to increase Hb mass (Pottgiesser et al, 2008). Moreover, this altitude is below the 2200-m threshold likely to increase red cell volume (Weil et al, 1968).…”

Section: Implications For Endurance Training At Altitudementioning

confidence: 99%

Endurance Training at Altitude

Saunders¹,

Pyne

Gore

2009

High Altitude Medicine & Biology

103

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Since the 1968 Olympic Games when the effects of altitude on endurance performance became evident, moderate altitude training ( approximately 2000 to 3000 m) has become popular to improve competition performance both at altitude and sea level. When endurance athletes are exposed acutely to moderate altitude, a number of physiological responses occur that can comprise performance at altitude; these include increased ventilation, increased heart rate, decreased stroke volume, reduced plasma volume, and lower maximal aerobic power ((.)Vo(2max)) by approximately 15% to 20%. Over a period of several weeks, one primary acclimatization response is an increase in the volume of red blood cells and consequently of (.)Vo(2max). Altitudes > approximately 2000 m for >3 weeks and adequate iron stores are required to elicit these responses. However, the primacy of more red blood cells for superior sea-level performance is not clear-cut since the best endurance athletes in the world, from Ethiopia (approximately 2000 to 3000 m), have only marginally elevated hemoglobin concentrations. The substantial reduction in (.)Vo(2max) of athletes at moderate altitude implies that their training should include adequate short-duration (approximately 1 to 2 min), high-intensity efforts with long recoveries to avoid a reduction in race-specific fitness. At the elite level, athlete performance is not dependent solely on (.)Vo(2max), and the "smallest worthwhile change" in performance for improving race results is as little as 0.5%. Consequently, contemporary statistical approaches that utilize the concept of the smallest worthwhile change are likely to be more appropriate than conventional statistical methods when attempting to understand the potential benefits and mechanisms of altitude training.

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Hemoglobin mass after 21 days of conventional altitude training at 1816m

Cited by 23 publications

References 9 publications

Altitude training and haemoglobin mass from the optimised carbon monoxide rebreathing method determined by a meta-analysis

Altitude training and haemoglobin mass from the optimised carbon monoxide rebreathing method determined by a meta-analysis

The influence of short-term high altitude training on inflammatory and prooxidative-antioxidative indices in alpine ski athletes

Endurance Training at Altitude

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