Hemodynamics in the left gastric vein after endoscopic ligation of esophageal varices combined with sclerotherapy

Abstract

The pattern of the development of collateral left gastric veins represents important hemodynamic changes that predict the long-term prognosis of patients after treatment.

Study of hemodynamic changes in portal systemic shunts and their relation to variceal relapse after endoscopic variceal ligation combined with ethanol sclerotherapy

“…There is controversy about the presence of paraesophageal veins and variceal relapse. [18][19][20] Our previous study 9 showed a lower relapse rate in patients with paraesophageal veins than in those without. However, relapse of varices occurred even in patients with paraesophageal veins.…”

“…As the LGV is closely related to the development of esophageal varices, hemodynamic changes in the LGV after the treatment are thought to directly influence its effect. Until now, there were reports of angiographic [9][10][11] and endosonographic 12-17 findings concerning the hemodynamics of the LGV in relation to variceal relapse after endoscopic treatment. Summarizing the reported results, when blood flow from the LGV to the cardia and the esophagus was present after the treatment, variceal relapse occurred at high frequency.…”

“…Venographic findings were compared with sonography. As for the venographic findings in patients with hepatofugal flow in the LGV, we classified them into three types in our previous 9 showed almost the same variceal relapse rate between types B and C, we modified this classification from type A to type 1 (Fig. 1a) and types B and C to type 2 ( Fig.…”

“…[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] As for methods for investigating portal hemodynamics, conventional ultrasonography and Doppler sonography are widely applied because of their noninvasiveness. Furthermore, long-term changes in hemodynamics can be monitored by repeated examinations using sonography.…”

Characteristics of paraesophageal varices: A study with 64-row multidetector computed tomograghy portal venography

“…Endoscopic therapy is an effective approach that is being applied worldwide [4,5] , although the recurrences have been reported in many cases [6] . Some authors reported that the existence of perforating veins, the communicating branches between periesophageal varices (peri-EV) and paraesophageal varices (para-EV), and their blood flow found by endoscopic color Doppler ultrasonography (ECDUS) affected the recurrences of hemorrhage caused by r upturing [7] .…”