Hemodynamics and Mechanobiology of Aortic Valve Calcification

Esmerats, Joan Fernández; Heath, Jonathon; Rezvan, Amir; Jo, Hanjoong

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-21813-7_11

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…Therefore, 35 dyne/cm 2 was considered a pathologic condition. 25,26 The effect of these three different flow rates was observed for a duration of 24 h and 48 h. The application of shear stress on cells was maintained at 37 C under a humidified atmosphere with 5% CO 2 within an incubator.…”

Section: Device Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear type and magnitude affect aortic valve endothelial cell morphology, orientation, and differentiation

Deb

Ali

Mathews

et al. 2021

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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Valvular endothelial cells line the outer layer of heart valves and can withstand shear forces caused by blood flow. In contrast to vascular endothelial cells, there is limited amount of research over valvular endothelial cells. For this reason, the exact physiologic behavior of valvular endothelial cells is unclear. Prior studies have concluded that valvular endothelial cells align perpendicularly to the direction of blood flow, while vascular endothelial cells align parallel to blood flow. Other studies have suggested that different ranges of shear stress uniquely impact the behavior of valvular endothelial cells. The goal of this study was to characterize the response of valvular endothelial cell under different types, magnitudes, and durations of shear stress. In this work, the results demonstrated that with increased shear rate and duration of exposure, valvular endothelial cells no longer possessed the traditional cuboidal morphology. Instead through the change in cell circularity and aspect ratio, valvular endothelial cells aligned in an organized manner. In addition, different forms of shear exposure caused the area and circularity of valvular endothelial cells to decrease while inducing mesenchymal transformation validated through αSMA and TGFβ1 expression. This is the first investigation showing that valvular endothelial cells alignment is not as straightforward as once thought (perpendicular to flow). Different types and magnitudes of shear induce different local behaviors. This is also the first demonstration of valvular endothelial cells undergoing EndMT without chemical inducers on a soft surface in vitro. Findings from this study provide insights to understanding the pathophysiology of valvular endothelial cells which can potentially propel future artificial engineered heart valves.

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Section: Device Loadingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear type and magnitude affect aortic valve endothelial cell morphology, orientation, and differentiation

Deb

Ali

Mathews

et al. 2021

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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“…Cellular mechanotransduction has been demonstrated in the heart, and mechanical forces are greatly increased in AS [ 45 , 46 ], suggesting the potential influence of mechanotransduction during myocardial remodeling. Among various pathways that are involved in the mechanical signaling, the Hippo pathway and its regulation of the YAP/TAZ protein complex have been highlighted to play a central role [ 46 – 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H3K27ac acetylome signatures reveal the epigenomic reorganization in remodeled non-failing human hearts

et al. 2020

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Background: H3K27ac histone acetylome changes contribute to the phenotypic response in heart diseases, particularly in end-stage heart failure. However, such epigenetic alterations have not been systematically investigated in remodeled non-failing human hearts. Therefore, valuable insight into cardiac dysfunction in early remodeling is lacking. This study aimed to reveal the acetylation changes of chromatin regions in response to myocardial remodeling and their correlations to transcriptional changes of neighboring genes.

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Hemodynamics and Mechanobiology of Aortic Valve Calcification

Cited by 2 publications

References 128 publications

Shear type and magnitude affect aortic valve endothelial cell morphology, orientation, and differentiation

Shear type and magnitude affect aortic valve endothelial cell morphology, orientation, and differentiation

H3K27ac acetylome signatures reveal the epigenomic reorganization in remodeled non-failing human hearts

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