Hemodynamic effects of inhaled nitric oxide and phosphodiesterase inhibitor (dipyridamole) on secondary pulmonary hypertension following heart valve surgery in adults

Inhaled iloprost to control pulmonary artery hypertension in patients undergoing mitral valve surgery: a prospective, randomized‐controlled trial

“…The pathophysiology of PHT in mitral valve disease is complex. Increased left atrial pressures (in our patients indicated by increased pulmonary artery wedge pressure) result in chronic obstruction to venous drainage, in pulmonary vascular remodelling and ultimately in pulmonary arterial vasoconstriction (20). In fact, all patients participating in the present study showed a considerable elevation of PVRI already under baseline conditions, associated with a significant impairment of RV‐pump performance, as indicated by a low REF.…”

ACCF/AHA 2009 Expert Consensus Document on Pulmonary Hypertension

“…In a population undergoing a variety of surgical interventions including coronary revascularization, valve repair and replacement, mechanical assist device implantation, and cardiac transplantation, inhaled NO, given at a dose of 20 ppm for a mean of 36 hours, improved pulmonary and systemic arterial pressures and cardiac index (226). Other studies have shown similar benefits of NO in more homogenous populations with PH following valve surgery (227), ventricular assist device implantation (224), and cardiac transplantation (228). On balance, inhaled NO is an effective short-term strategy for the management of PH following cardiac surgery.…”

131I‐MIBG followed by consolidation with busulfan, melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation for refractory neuroblastoma

“…Persistently elevated left‐sided cardiac filling pressures increase the risk of pulmonary edema when challenged with a pulmonary vasodilator. Pulmonary vasodilators, such as nitric oxide, prostacylin, and sildenafil, have been administered during and following cardiac surgery with improved hemodynamic effects (48–50). However, their overall clinical utility in improving late survival in the surgical population and their role in TAVR remains unclear.…”