Hemodynamic effects of high intensity interval training in COPD patients exhibiting exercise-induced dynamic hyperinflation

Heart Rate Recovery After 6-min Walking Test Predicts Acute Exacerbation in COPD

“…To our knowledge, this is the first study aimed at identifying whether the abnormal HR response after the 6MWT predicts main outcomes in COPD. We also found that the six-minute walking distance and the diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide are the main determinants of HRR 1 (1,7) Previous studies examining the prognostic value of the HRR 1 after the 6MWT in respiratory patients showed that a HRR 1 below 13 or 16 beats were associated with poorer survival in patients with pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension, respectively (1-2). Our study shows that patients with HRR 1 greater than 14 beats had a very low likelihood of AECOPD over the follow-up period.…”

Cardiac output measurement during exercise in COPD: A comparison of dye dilution and impedance cardiography

“…A detailed technical description of this method can be found elsewhere . After careful skin preparation that included shaving, application of a mildly abrasive gel (Nuprep, http://www.dowaver.com) and then cleaning (by alcohol), six electrodes (Physioflow PF5; Manatec Biomedical, Macheren, France) were placed according to the manufacturers’ instructions in effect at the time, as shown in Figure of Nasis et al: two on the neck on the left side (one vertically above the other over the carotid artery above the supraclavicular fossa); two anteriorly in the xiphoid region; and two in locations corresponding to the V1 and V6 positions used for conventional ECG monitoring. After the subject had rested for 15 minutes sitting on a chair, the system was auto‐calibrated (a nominal, one‐time, initial 30 heart beats procedure as recommended by the manufacturer).…”

Interval training induces clinically meaningful effects in daily activity levels in COPD

“…This has been attributed to methodological shortfalls such as lack of adequately controlled studies, small sample size, short duration of PR programmes, application of non-validated for COPD patients activity monitors [5] and insufficient exercise intensities to induce true physiological training effects. Interval exercise training has been shown to allow application of intense loads to peripheral muscles that induce substantial physiological effects manifested by mitigation of respiratory and central hemodynamic limitations and partial restoration of peripheral muscle dysfunction in patients with diverse COPD severity [7,8]. In this context it is reasoned that application of this training modality would allow transfer of the aforementioned physiological benefits into clinically meaningful improvements in DAL.…”

“…Medical treatment was not altered throughout the study in either of the groups. Exclusion criteria for participation in PR programme have been described elsewhere [8]. Patients with a minimum of 4 valid days, including only days with at least 8 hours of wearing time during waking hours (as defined between 07:00am-08:00pm) were contained in this analysis [12].…”

“…Patients with a minimum of 4 valid days, including only days with at least 8 hours of wearing time during waking hours (as defined between 07:00am-08:00pm) were contained in this analysis [12]. The interval programme included supervised exercise training consisting of cycling exercise 3 days/week for 12 weeks on electromagnetically braked cycle ergometers [7,8]. Patients assigned to ITG, exercised at a mean intensity of 130±18% of baseline peak work rate for 45 min by alternating 30-s exercise intervals with 30-s rest periods.…”