Hemodynamic Effects of Different Combinations of Midazolam and Opioids in Healthy Dogs

Ferreira, Mariana de Andrade; Possidônio, Geovana; Afonso, Caroliny Santos; Ribeiro, Ingrid Volpe; Moreira, Tálita F; Marques, M. G.; Abimussi, Caio José Xavier; Floriano, Beatriz Perez

doi:10.1016/j.tcam.2021.100614

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…Scores of 0 to 3 indicate poor sedation, scores of 4 to 6 indicate mild sedation, scores of 7 to 10 indicate moderate sedation, scores of 11 to 15 indicate deep sedation and scores > 15 indicate an anesthesia state. Sedation was judged as poor (1), mild (2), moderate (3), deep (4) or achieving an anesthesia state (5). Adverse events during the procedure, such as tremors, paddling, vocalization, nystagmus, hypersalivation, dysphoria or auditory hyperesthesia (defined as an exaggerated response to a hand clap), were recorded.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In daily clinical practice, the use of alpha-2 agonist with butorphanol is routinely used for sedation in dogs, but the side effects of this combination have been described in different complementary tests, such as echocardiography [ 2 , 3 ] or evaluation of tear production [ 4 ]. A combination of midazolam and butorphanol has been used to produce sedation in dogs, due to its minimal cardiovascular effects, but this combination may induce excitation in healthy dogs [ 5 ]. Acepromazine, alone or in combination with opioid analgesics [ 6 ], has been studied in dogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sedation Quality and Cardiorespiratory, Echocardiographic, Radiographic and Electrocardiographic Effects of Intramuscular Alfaxalone and Butorphanol in Spanish Greyhound Dogs

Fernández Castañer,

Quirós Carmona,

Martínez Bernal

et al. 2023

Animals

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The quality of sedation and changes in cardiorespiratory variables after the intramuscular administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol in Spanish greyhound dogs were evaluated. Twenty-one adult dogs were included. The dogs received alfaxalone (2 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg) intramuscularly. Sedation scoring, cardiorespiratory parameters (including blood gas analysis), echocardiography, thoracic radiography and electrocardiography were performed before sedation and 30 min after drug administration. Moderate sedation was observed, and side effects, such as tremors, nystagmus and auditory hyperesthesia, were noticed. Statistically significant changes in heart rate, invasive blood pressure, pH, arterial saturation of O2 and partial pressure of O2 and CO2 were found. Echocardiographic variables, including end-diastolic volume, left ventricular diameter in diastole, aortic and pulmonic flow, diastolic transmitral flow and left atrial/aortic ratio, and electrocardiography parameters, including PQ interval and QT interval, showed statistically significant changes. In conclusion, the intramuscular administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol to healthy dogs produced moderate sedation with mild cardiorespiratory, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic changes, without alterations in cardiac size on radiographic images.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sedation Quality and Cardiorespiratory, Echocardiographic, Radiographic and Electrocardiographic Effects of Intramuscular Alfaxalone and Butorphanol in Spanish Greyhound Dogs

Fernández Castañer,

Quirós Carmona,

Martínez Bernal

et al. 2023

Animals

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show abstract

Sedation quality and cardiorespiratory, echocardiographic, radiographic and electrocardiographic effects of intramuscular alfaxalone and butorphanol in Galgo Español dogs

Castañer¹,

Quirós‐Carmona²,

Bernal³

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The quality of sedation and changes in cardiorespiratory variables after the intramuscular administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol in Galgo Español dogs were evaluated. Twenty-one adult dogs were included. The dogs received alfaxalone (2 mg/kg) and butorphanol (0,2 mg/kg) intramuscularly. Sedation scoring, cardiorespiratory parameters (including blood gas analysis), echocardiography, thoracic radiography and electrocardiography were performed before sedation and 30 minutes after drug administration. Moderate sedation was observed, and side effects, such as tremors, nystagmus and auditory hyperesthesia, were noticed. Statistically significant changes in heart rate, invasive blood pressure, pH, arterial saturation of O2 and partial pressure of O2 and CO2 were found. Echocardiographic variables, including end-diastolic volume, left ventricular diameter in diastole, aortic and pulmonic flow, diastolic transmitral flow and left atrial/aortic ratio, and electrocardiography parameters, including PQ interval and QT interval, showed statistically significant changes. In conclusion, the intramuscular administration of alfaxalone and butorphanol to healthy dogs produced moderate sedation with mild cardiorespiratory, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic changes, without alterations in cardiac size on X-ray images.

show abstract

Hemodynamic Effects of Different Combinations of Midazolam and Opioids in Healthy Dogs

Cited by 2 publications

References 14 publications

Sedation Quality and Cardiorespiratory, Echocardiographic, Radiographic and Electrocardiographic Effects of Intramuscular Alfaxalone and Butorphanol in Spanish Greyhound Dogs

Sedation Quality and Cardiorespiratory, Echocardiographic, Radiographic and Electrocardiographic Effects of Intramuscular Alfaxalone and Butorphanol in Spanish Greyhound Dogs

Sedation quality and cardiorespiratory, echocardiographic, radiographic and electrocardiographic effects of intramuscular alfaxalone and butorphanol in Galgo Español dogs

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