Hemodialysis-Induced Increase in Serum Lactoferrin and Serum Eosinophil Cationic Protein as Signs of Local Neutrophil and Eosinophil Degranulation

Abstract

Transient reductions in circulating polymorphonuclear granulocytes and eosinophils were observed early in hemodialysis. About a threefold increase in serum-lactoferrin occurred 2 h from the start of hemodialysis. Increments of the serum levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) were observed as early as 1 h after initiation of hemodialysis, reaching maximum levels (about a fourfold increase from initial levels) 1 h later. When fresh blood was circulated through a dialyzer without having a patient in the circuit considerable increases of lactoferrin and ECP were also found. The intracellular contents of lactoferrin and ECP in granulocytes isolated from peripheral blood were unaffected throughout the dialysis period. Sera obtained at different times during dialysis induced no release of granular proteins from isolated granulocytes in vitro. The raised serum concentrations of lactoferrin and ECP during dialysis suggest that a local degranulation of neutrophils and eosinophils may take place probably in the dialyzer.

Hemodialysis, membrane-related neutrophil dysfunctions, and pentoxifylline — A pilot study

“…Lactoferrin, however, showed a continuous increase until the end of the hemodialysis treatment. These major results of our investigation provide additional support for the concept that sequestration of primed neutrophils into the microcirculation of the lungs and release of neutrophil components upon stimulation are interlinked pathophysiological mechanisms which play an important role in acute and permanent deterioration of neutrophil functions and neutrophil death during cuprophane hemodialysis [5,10]. Neutrophil dysfunctions are the measurable consequences of a complex series of activatd pathways including the complement cascade and arachidonic acid metabolism.…”

Patient Reactions and Granulocyte Degranulation during Hemodialysis with Cuprophane and Polycarbonate Membranes

“…Pronounced neutropenia during the early phase of hemodialysis has been reported sev eral times [1][2][3]. We have recently reported signs of neutrophil and eosinophil degranula tion during hemodialysis of uremic patients.…”

Advantages of Fecal Lactoferrin Measurement during Granulocyte and Monocyte Adsorptive Apheresis Therapy in Ulcerative Colitis

“…GMA carriers adsorb approximately 65% of granulocytes, 55% of monocytes, and 2% of lymphocytes from the blood into the column [8]. It has been reported that extracorporeal circulation induces temporal serum lactoferrin increase because of degranulation of granulocytes [48,49]. Because GMA carriers absorb approximately 65% of granulocytes, it is possible that remaining granulocytes that returned to the blood system subsequently localized to intestinal mucosa.…”