Hemodialysis Alters Lipid Profiles, Total Antioxidant Capacity, and Vitamins A, E, and C Concentrations in Humans

Abstract

Although hemodialysis (HD) is essential for end-stage renal disease patients, at the same time it causes oxidative stress and long-term pro-atherosclerotic effects. This study aimed to determine lipid profile as well as the total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and vitamins A, E, and C in HD patients. The study enrolled 31 patients (50.3 ± 14.9 years old) undergoing maintenance 4-hour HD three times per week with a polysulfone membrane dialyzer for a mean of 76.1 months (range, 7-120 months) and 31 healthy individuals (47.8 ± 13.9 years old). Lipid profiles were determined spectrophotometrically using commercially available kits. Total antioxidant capacity was determined by ferric reducing/antioxidant power assay, levels of vitamins A and E were assayed using high-pressure liquid chromatography, and the level of vitamin C was measured by a photometric method. Our results showed that before HD, the levels of TAC and vitamin A were significantly higher than in normal subjects, whereas the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and vitamin C were lower than in control subjects (P < .001). There was no significant difference between normal subjects and patients before dialysis regarding low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and vitamin E levels (P > .05). After HD, the levels of HDL-cholesterol, vitamins E and C, and TAC decreased significantly (P < .001), but the decreased level of vitamin A still remained higher than controls (P < .05), whereas the levels of LDL were significantly higher than controls (P < .001). In conclusion, alterations in the lipoprotein profiles and antioxidant markers following HD suggest an increased risk of atherosclerosis in these patients.

Determination of Prooxidant and Antioxidant Balance, Clinical Parameters and Nutrient Intakes in Hemodialysis Patients

“…PAB assay using simple and rapid tests can help to identify patients at risk and prevent or reduce of complications resulting from oxidative stress. In our previous studies [6,20], we indicated a defective antioxidant defense during the process of HD, due to the reduction of antioxidants and elevated lipid peroxidation in patients on HD in agreement with the other studies [7,9,[12][13][14]21]. However, a study has shown decrease in the serum levels of MDA compared to control group [22].…”

Is Routine Multivitamin Supplementation Necessary in US Chronic Adult Hemodialysis Patients? A Systematic Review

“…Renal dietary restrictions imposed on such patients make it more likely they will avoid foods with high vitamin C content. Additionally, vitamin C is cleared during standard hemodialysis sessions [47][48][49] . However, vitamin C supplementation contributes to a rise in oxalate 47 which can deposit in tissues and lead to bone disease, arthropathies, vascular calcification, skin deposits, and liver failure 50 .…”

Effect of peritoneal dialysis on antioxidant defense system and oxidative stress

“…14,15 Erythrocyte SOD and GPx activity were measured using commercial colorimetric assay kit (Randox, Crumlin, County Antrim, UK) as described previously. 11,15 Serum vitamin A and E were extracted with hexane and measured by using high pressure liquid chromatography with absorption at 325 nm and 292 nm, respectively.…”