Hemimasticatory Spasm: The First Case Report of Bilateral Presentation

Tavadyan, Z.; Yeghiazaryan, Nune S.; Khachatryan, S.

doi:10.1002/mdc3.13213

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…The 17 new patients (46.6 ± 16.1 years) were significantly (p = 0.012, unpaired t-test) older at disease onset than the other patients (37 ± 13.9 years). Among the patients, 60 (51.3%) were affected on the left side, 55 (47%) on the right side, and only 2 (1.7%) were bilaterally affected (45,46). Precipitating factors included chewing in 35 patients (29.9%), speaking in 19 patients (16.2%), cold stimulus in 13 patients (11.1%), and jaw closing in 12 patients (10.3%).…”

Section: Demographic and Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mechanism underlying HMS remains unclear, although vascular compression or focal demyelination of the trigeminal nerve has been considered a plausible etiology ( 8 , 11 – 13 ). There are some options for the treatment of HMS, including oral medication, botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) therapy ( 12 , 13 , 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 27 , 28 , 34 , 36 , 38 , 39 , 42 – 45 , 47 , 49 ), and microvascular decompression of the trigeminal motor root ( 31 – 33 , 39 – 41 , 50 ). BoNT injection into the affected muscles is believed to be the most effective option.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hemimasticatory spasm: a series of 17 cases and a comprehensive review of the literature

Yoshida

2024

Front. Neurol.

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Hemimasticatory spasm (HMS) is a rare movement disorder characterized by paroxysmal spasms or twitches of the unilateral jaw-closing muscles. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the clinical features of patients with HMS. Data from 17 patients newly diagnosed with HMS (12 females and 5 males; mean age at onset: 46.7 years) who visited our department were retrospectively analyzed, and a literature search based on electronic medical databases from their inception until November 30, 2023, was conducted. A manual search was conducted for articles cited in the related literature. A total of 117 cases (72 females and 45 males; mean age at onset: 37.1 years) from 57 studies were analyzed. The muscles involved were the masseter (97.4%), temporalis (47.9%), and medial pterygoid (6%). Morphea or scleroderma was observed in 23.9% of the patients, and facial hemiatrophy in 27.4%. In 17.9% of the cases, Parry–Romberg syndrome was either complicated or suspected. Typical electromyographic findings included the absence of a silent period during spasms (23.9%) and irregular brief bursts of multiple motor unit potentials. Oral medicines, such as clonazepam or carbamazepine, alleviated the symptoms for some patients but were often unsatisfactory. Botulinum toxin therapy was effective in most cases. Recently, microvascular decompression surgery is increasingly being used, resulting in complete relief in some cases. In conclusion, highly effective modalities are currently available, and it is necessary to raise awareness of HMS to ensure that it can be diagnosed and treated accurately by both medical and dental professionals.

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Section: Demographic and Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemimasticatory spasm: a series of 17 cases and a comprehensive review of the literature

Yoshida

2024

Front. Neurol.

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“…HMS may resemble HFS, but in contrast to facial nerve irritation or compression in HFS, the motor trigeminal nerve is affected in HMS [29]. Much less common than HFS, HMS is characterized by unilateral, involuntary, intermittent contractions of the jaw-closing muscles, resulting in brief twitches and/or spasms without actual jaw deviation [30,31]. Patients with HMS may have additional features such as facial hemiatrophy, connective tissue disorders such as scleroderma, and skin changes such as morphea [32][33][34].…”

Section: Hemifacial and Hemimasticatory Spasmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peripherally-induced Movement Disorders: An Update

Lenka¹,

Jankovic

2023

Tremor and Other Hyperkinetic Movements

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Background: Peripherally-induced movement disorders (PIMD) should be considered when involuntary or abnormal movements emerge shortly after an injury to a body part. A close topographic and temporal association between peripheral injury and onset of the movement disorders is crucial to diagnosing PIMD. PIMD is under-recognized and often misdiagnosed as functional movement disorder, although both may co-exist. Given the considerable diagnostic, therapeutic, and psychosocial-legal challenges associated with PIMD, it is crucial to update the clinical and scientific information about this important movement disorder.Methods: A comprehensive PubMed search through a broad range of keywords and combinations was performed in February 2023 to identify relevant articles for this narrative review. Results:The spectrum of the phenomenology of PIMD is broad and it encompasses both hyperkinetic and hypokinetic movements. Hemifacial spasm is probably the most common PIMD. Others include dystonia, tremor, parkinsonism, myoclonus, painful leg moving toe syndrome, tics, polyminimyoclonus, and amputation stump dyskinesia. We also highlight conditions such as neuropathic tremor, pseudoathetosis, and MYBPC1associated myogenic tremor as examples of PIMD.Discussion: There is considerable heterogeneity among PIMD in terms of severity and nature of injury, natural course, association with pain, and response to treatment. As some patients may have co-existing functional movement disorder, neurologists should be able to differentiate the two disorders. While the exact pathophysiology remains elusive, aberrant central sensitization after peripheral stimuli and maladaptive plasticity in the sensorimotor cortex, on a background of genetic (two-hit hypothesis) or other predisposition, seem to play a role in the pathogenesis of PIMD.

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