“…4 The modern interest in PDT as a treatment modality for cancer therapy began around 1960 with Lipson et al and Schwartz et al, who used a fluorescent tumour-localizing mixture of porphyrins termed 'haematoporphyrin derivative'. 5,6 Since their pioneering work, compounds including photofrin, purpurins, xanthenes, phthalocyanaines, oxazines, cyanines, chlorines and others have been tested in vitro and in vivo with some degree of success; however, in the clinical setting, porphyrins or porphyrin-related compounds continue to form the bulk of the photosensitizers used in PDT. The therapy, as used in cancer treatment, is based on the preferential uptake and/or retention of a photosensitizer in the tumour tissue and the cytotoxic effects of the photosensitizer when activated upon exposure to light.…”