Hematology and Plasma Chemistry Values in Beached Magellanic Penguin (Spheniscus Magellanicus) in Northern Argentina During the Nonbreeding Season

García, Germán Oscar; Paterlini, Carla Ángela; Hernandez, Maximiliano Manuel; Behotas, Rosa T.; Favero, Marco; Pon, Juan Pablo Seco

doi:10.1638/2019-0012

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Other studies have also found sex-and age-specific variations. A study analysing the variations by year, sex, and age class of beached Magellanic penguins (Spheniscus magellanicus) in North Argentina during the non-breeding season found significant variations for AP and CK by year, no sex-specific variations, and significantly higher haematocrit, haemoglobin, erythrocyte, lymphocyte, glucose, UA, total protein, albumin, globulin, and cholesterol values in older juveniles in comparison with younger juveniles, while the younger animals had higher heterophile:lymphocyte ratios and CK values [14]. Another study of free-ranging Magellanic penguins on the Argentinean Patagonian coast found significantly higher PCV, percentage heterophiles and eosinophiles, and cholesterol values in males than in females [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Clinical Chemistry and Haematology Values of a Captive Population of Humboldt Penguins (Spheniscus humboldti)

Leineweber,

Lücht,

Gohl

et al. 2023

Animals

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Reference intervals for clinical chemistry and haematology analytes are essential for the interpretation of blood results, but limited data are available for Humboldt penguins (Spheniscus humboldti) in zoological collections as well as in the wild. The aim of the present study was therefore to establish reference intervals for a series of clinical chemistry and haematology analytes in a single zoological population of Humboldt penguins. Furthermore, possible variations of the analytes influenced by the age and sex of the individuals were investigated. Lithium heparinized plasma and whole blood samples from 39 animals were analysed and statistically evaluated. The following clinical chemistry analytes were significantly higher in females: glutamate dehydrogenase (p = 0.0003), alanine transaminase (p = 0.0005), alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.0245), aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.0043), creatine kinase (p = 0.0016), lactate dehydrogenase (p < 0.0001), inorganic phosphorus (p = 0.0223), and sodium (p = 0.0415). No significant differences between males and females were found for any haematology analyte. Cholesterol (p = 0.0233; −0.39), white blood cell count (p = 0.0208; −0.40), and absolute heterophiles (p = 0.0148; −0.42) had significant negative correlations with the age of the penguins. The results indicate that the factors of sex and age should be considered when interpreting the results of haematological and clinical biochemistry assays, and further studies are needed to determine whether there are more differences in other age groups or seasons.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…A number of physiological factors can influence blood values in healthy animals. In penguins, studies have documented differences in various blood analytes depending on sex [10][11][12][13], age [12,14], body condition [13], time of day [15], season [13], year [14], location [13], and infection with malaria [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%