Hematological indicators of stress in longline-captured sharks

Marshall, Heather; Field, Lyndsay; Afiadata, Achankeng; Sepúlveda, Chugey A.; Skomal, Gregory B.; Bernal, Diego

doi:10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.02.008

Cited by 87 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Longline fishing was attributed with the greatest impact on the silky shark population due to the relative level of fishing effort compared to that of the purse seine fishery, but bycatch from sets on drifting FADs was found to contribute a significant proportion of the silky shark fishing mortality. Many of the studies dealing with shark bycatch and discard mortality have been focused solely on the effects of capture in longline fisheries (Moyes et al 2006, Hight et al 2007, Marshall et al 2012) while purse seine fisheries have received little attention (Poisson et al 2014). In this study we reveal the post-release survival rates of sharks tagged and released at different purse seine fishing stages.…”

Section: Habitat Use and Vertical Behaviormentioning

confidence: 80%

“…Many of these studies have also revealed several blood chemistry parameters that correlate to the post-release fate of pelagic sharks. The nature and extent of these blood chemistry disturbances are species specific and found to correspond to the activity level (swimming speeds) and ecology (pelagic, coastal, demersal) of each species (Skomal 2007, Marshall et al 2012). Yet in many commercial fishery and experimental scenarios lactate concentrations were affected across species (e.g.…”

Section: Post-release Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, lactate, pH, and other divalent electrolytes in the plasma have been shown to correlate with capture induced stress and mortality in several shark species (e.g. Moyes et al 2006, Marshall et al 2012.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Post-release survival of juvenile silky sharks captured in a tropical tuna purse seine fishery

Hutchinson¹,

Itano²,

Muir³

et al. 2015

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Juvenile silky sharks Carcharhinus falciformis comprise the largest component of the incidental elasmobranch catch taken in tropical tuna purse seine fisheries. During a chartered cruise on board a tuna purse seine vessel conducting typical fishing operations we investigated the post-release survival and rates of interaction with fishing gear of incidentally captured silky sharks using a combination of satellite linked pop-up tags and blood chemistry analysis. To identify trends in survival probability and the point in the fishing interaction when sharks sustain the injuries that lead to mortality, sharks were sampled during every stage of the fishing procedure. The total mortality rates of silky sharks captured in purse seine gear was found to exceed 84%. We found survival to precipitously decline once the silky sharks had been confined in the sack portion of the net just prior to loading. Additionally, shark interactions recorded by the scientists were markedly higher than those recorded by vessel officers and the fishery observer. Future efforts to reduce the impact of purse seine fishing on silky shark populations should be focused on avoidance or releasing sharks while they are still free swimming.

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Section: Habitat Use and Vertical Behaviormentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Post-release Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Post-release survival of juvenile silky sharks captured in a tropical tuna purse seine fishery

Hutchinson¹,

Itano²,

Muir³

et al. 2015

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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show abstract

“…Physiology continues to provide insights into the effects of capture and subsequent release (e.g., Moyes et al 2006;Skomal 2007;Cooke et al 2012b;Marshall et al 2012), and enhance techniques to improve the welfare of fishes and other vertebrates released from commercial gillnets, trawls, and longlines (Farrell et al 2001;Brill et al 2009;Mandelman and Farrington 2007) and recreational fishing gear (Cooke and Schramm 2007). Fitness consequences ranging from stress (Kneebone et al 2013), to physical or physiological injury (Pranovi et al 2001), to mortality (Kaiser and Spencer 1995) may result from: encounter with the gear (which may result in catch or escapement), capture by the fishing gear, landing of the catch onto a vessel, and exposure on deck during catch-sorting operations (Ingolfsson et al 2007;Giomi et al 2008).…”

Section: Capture and Release In Commercial And Recreational Fisheriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiology in the service of fisheries science: Why thinking mechanistically matters

Horodysky

Cooke

Brill

2015

Rev Fish Biol Fisheries

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Behavioral responses of fishes to variability in environmental conditions and habitat quality are central to population-level demographic processes. Although field surveys can correlate abundance to habitat variables (physiochemical, biotic, and structural), they cannot provide mechanistic explanations. Moreover, field surveys are often stratified by time or geographic criteria relevant to humans, whereas fishes stratify by habitat variables relevant to them. If mechanisms underlying behavior are not explicitly understood, conclusions based on survey data can lead to biased inferences as to species-specific habitat requirements and preferences, as well as changes in stock size occurring over time. Because physiology is the transfer function that links specific environmental conditions to behavior and fitness, we argue great gains can be made through the integration of physiology and fisheries science. These are complementary disciplines, albeit ones that generally function at very different temporal and spatial scales, as well as different levels of biological organization. We argue more specifically that integrating physiological approaches with behavioral studies and traditional fisheries survey data (where each approach develops hypotheses to be tested in the other) can mechanistically link processes from cells through populations to place fisheries management in an appropriate ecosystem context. We further contend that population-and species-specific mechanistic understanding of physiological abilities and tolerances can significantly help to: improve stock assessments, describe essential fish habitat, predict rates of post-release mortality, develop effective bycatch reduction strategies, and forecast the population effects of increases in global temperatures and ocean acidification.

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“…There is also evidence that induction of HSPs by heat and hypertonicity is suppressed by the presence of chemical chaperones (e.g., the organic osmolyte, betaine) in mammalian kidney cells (Sheikh-Hamad et al 1994). Elasmobranch cells also have the capacity to induce HSPs in response to several environmental stressors such as heat (Villalobos and Renfro 2007;Kolhatkar et al 2014), capture stress (Marshall et al 2012), and heavy metals (Villalobos and Renfro 2007). Osmotic stress induces HSPs in some teleost fish species under certain conditions but these results are inconsistent (Smith et al 1999;Kültz 1996;Palmisano et al 2000;Pan et al 2000).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Chaperone roles for TMAO and HSP70 during hyposmotic stress in the spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias)

et al. 2015

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Salinity decreases are experienced by many marine elasmobranchs. To understand how these fishes cope with hyposmotic stress on a cellular level, we used the spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias) as a model to test whether a reciprocal relationship exists between the cell's two primary protein protection mechanisms, the chemical (e.g., trimethylamine oxide, TMAO) and molecular (e.g., heat shock protein 70, HSP70) chaperone systems. This relationship is interesting given that many elasmobranchs are expected to gain water and lose osmolytes, chemical chaperones, and ions as they osmoconform to new, lowered salinity. Dogfish were cannulated for repeated blood sampling and exposed to 70% seawater (SW) for 48 h. These hyposmotic conditions had no effect on red blood cell (RBC) and white muscle TMAO concentrations, and did not result in HSP70 induction or signs of protein damage (i.e., increased ubiquitin), suggesting that TMAO levels were sufficiently protective in these tissues. However, in the gill, we observed a significant decrease in TMAO concentration and a significant induction of HSP70 as well as signs of protein damage. In the face of this cellular stress response, gill Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase (NKA) activity significantly increased during hyposmotic conditions, as expected. We suggest that this functional preservation in the gill is partly the result of HSP70 induction with lowered salinity. We conclude a reciprocal relationship between TMAO and HSP70 in the gills of dogfish as a result of in vivo hyposmotic stress. When osmotically induced protein damage surpasses the protective capacity of remaining TMAO, HSP70 is induced to preserve tissue and organismal function.

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Hematological indicators of stress in longline-captured sharks

Cited by 87 publications

References 28 publications

Post-release survival of juvenile silky sharks captured in a tropical tuna purse seine fishery

Post-release survival of juvenile silky sharks captured in a tropical tuna purse seine fishery

Physiology in the service of fisheries science: Why thinking mechanistically matters

Chaperone roles for TMAO and HSP70 during hyposmotic stress in the spiny dogfish shark (Squalus acanthias)

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