Hematological and pulmonary responses to high altitude in Quechuas: A multivariate approach

Tarazona‐Santos, Eduardo; Lavine, Michael; Pastor, Santiago; Fiori, Giovanni; Pettener, Davide

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(200002)111:2<165::aid-ajpa3>3.0.co;2-g

Cited by 20 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…Among South American highlanders, many studies (Frisancho et al, 1973;Frisancho and Greksa, 1989;Greksa, 1991Greksa, , 1996Mueller et al, 1978;Tarazona-Santos et al, 2000) have reported an increase in lung volume with altitude, especially among the Quechua. In Asia, an increase in FVC in Himalayan Sherpa was observed by Sloan and Masali (1978) and by Majumder et al (1986).…”

Section: Lung Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

Lung volume, chest size, and hematological variation in low-, medium-, and high-altitude Central Asian populations

Fiori

Facchini

Ismagulov

et al. 2000

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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To evaluate adaptive responses to high-altitude environment, we examined three groups of healthy adult males from Central Asia: 94 high-altitude (HA) Kirghiz subjects (3,200 m above sea level); 114 middle-altitude (MA) Kazakh subjects (2,100 m), and 90 low-altitude (LA) Kirghiz subjects (900 m). Data on chest size (chest perimeter and chest diameter), lung volume (forced expiratory volume (FEV) and forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1)), and hematological parameters (hemoglobin, erythrocytes, hematocrit, and SaO(2)) are discussed. The results show that 1) chest shape is less flat in the samples living at higher altitude. In the HA sample, chest perimeter is lower but chest excursion is high. 2) In the highlanders, forced vital capacity (FVC) and FEV1 are no higher than in the other samples, even when corrected for stature and body weight. The negative correlation between FVC-FEV1 and age decreases with increasing altitude. 3) The HA and MA samples have higher values of hemoglobin, erythrocytes, and hematocrit. The HA sample has lower SaO(2) and higher arterial oxygen content than the LA sample. No association between hematocrit and age was detected in the four samples. The results indicate that the high-altitude Kirghiz present features of developmental acclimatization to hypobaric hypoxia which are also strongly influenced by other major high-altitude environmental stresses.

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Section: Lung Volumementioning

confidence: 99%

Lung volume, chest size, and hematological variation in low-, medium-, and high-altitude Central Asian populations

Fiori

Facchini

Ismagulov

et al. 2000

Am. J. Phys. Anthropol.

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“…Several good examples are as follows: 16.1g/dL for adult men living in Nepal, at 3,300masl [39], 18.8g/dL in adult men living in La Paz, Bolivia at 3,700masl [29], 17.5g/dL in adult Peruvians living at 3,680masl [40], 14.5g/dL in Bolivian adolescent girls living at 3,600masl, and 16.6g/dL in Peruvian adolescent girls living at 4,300masl [41]. In this study, the average value corresponds to 14.5g/dL for schoolchildren (boys and girls) who live at 3,240masl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropometric and hematological tests to diagnose nutritional deficiencies in schoolchildren of indigenous communities living in the Andean region of Ecuador

et al. 2017

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A B S T R A C T ObjectiveTo carry out the anthropometric and biometric-hematological assessments in schoolchildren of the Andean region of Ecuador, in order to improve the diagnosis of nutritional deficiencies. MethodsThe study has been carried out in the San Juan School (Chimborazo, Ecuador), located at 3,240m of altitude, to 36 children of 5 and 6 years old. Anthropometric analyses (weight, height and body mass index), and hematocrit and hemoglobin concentrations were measured. The hemoglobin measurement was evaluated considering the normal value and the one adapted to the altitude of the area. Revista de NutriçãoRev. Nutri., Campinas, 30 (6) ResultsThe schoolchildren showed high prevalence of stunting (44%). The values of hematocrit (p=0.001) and hemoglobin (p=0.003) were higher in girls. It should be highlighted that using the normal value of hemoglobin, anemia was not detected. However almost a fifth of the schoolchildren studied were diagnosed with anemia when we applied the correction factors adapted to the altitude. ConclusionThe use of correction factors adapted to the altitude is considered essential to do the hematology test in populations that live in high altitude in order to avoid a false diagnosis. Moreover, it is necessary to establish the environmental factors related to the stunted growth of this population of the Andean region.Keywords: Anemia. Anthropometry. Biometry. Child development. Indigenous population. R E S U M O Objetivo Realizar avaliações antropométricas e biométrico-hematológicas em escolares da cordilheira dos Andes no Equador, a fim de melhorar o diagnóstico de deficiências nutricionais. Métodos O estudo foi realizado na escola San Juan (Chimborazo, Equador), localizada a 3240 metros acima do nível do mar, a 36 crianças de 5 e 6 anos de idade. Foram analisadas as medidas antropométricas (peso, altura e índice de massa corporal) e as concentrações de hemoglobina e hematócrito. A medida da hemoglobina foi avaliada considerando os valores absolutos e os corrigidos pela altura geográfica. Resultados A população escolar apresentou alta prevalência de altura baixa (44% I N T R O D U C T I O NCurrently, nutritional changes are a Public Health problem in Ecuador, affecting the schoolage population in particular. Undernutrition is one of the major causes of death in children [1]. Infant mortality, difficulty to access resources and education are important problems for the populations living in the Andean region [2][3][4][5]. In Ecuador, there are numerous indigenous communities living under these unfavorable conditions.Investigations on the nutritional status of the Ecuadorian population are scarce. The ELAN Ecuadorian Hospital Malnutrition study reported an undernutrition rate of 37.1% in 2012 [6]. The nutritional status of hospitalized patients was shown as not included within the therapeutic objectives [7]. When analyzing the diets of 110 Ecuadorian adults, it was noted that their daily needs of carbohydrates, vitamins D, E, and minerals, such as iron and calcium were not met [8]. H...

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“…Nesta fase inicial de exposição à altitude, os indivíduos que apresentam um incremento mais acentuado da ventilação estarão melhor adaptados para tolerar as condições de hipó-xia. A exuberância deste processo adaptativo, isto é, do grau da resposta ventilatória ao estímulo hipóxi-co, apresenta grande variabilidade interindividual parecendo estar associada a diversos factores, tais como o fenótipo e genótipo (31,77). Deste modo, alguns estudos com populações nativas de regiões de elevada altitude (14,15,79), nomeadamente andinas e himalaínas, têm demonstrado que, comparativamente a sujeitos caucasianos residentes ao nível do mar, a sua resposta ventilatória à hipóxia não é tão exuberante.…”

Section: Adaptações Ventilatóriasunclassified

O desafio da altitude. Uma perspectiva fisiológica

Magalhães¹,

Duarte²,

Ascensão³

et al. 2002

RPCD

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RESUMOA prática de actividades físicas em altitude tem sofrido um aumento significativo ao longo dos últimos anos. Estas actividades, de que são exemplo o montanhismo, o alpinismo e o esqui, implicam a exposição esporádica ou prolongada dos "turistas de altitude" a ambientes de hipóxia hipobárica e, em consequência, induzem elevada agressão orgânica. No presente trabalho serão descritas as adaptações fisiológicas agudas e cró-nicas que ocorrem (i) nos sistemas respiratório e circulatório, (ii) nos componentes hematológicos e (iii) na morfologia e metabolismo musculares, com o objectivo de atenuar os efeitos fisiológicos da rarefação do oxigénio no ar atmosférico, possibilitando a permanência e a funcionalidade do Homem nestes locais hostis. Na perspectiva do rendimento desportivo, serão abordados, de forma sumária, o efeito fisiológico e os benefí-cios para o desempenho ao nível do mar decorrentes do denominado "treino em altitude". Palavras-chave:Altitude, hipóxia, adaptações fisiológicas agudas, adaptações fisiológicas crónicas, treino em altitude. ABSTRACT

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Hematological and pulmonary responses to high altitude in Quechuas: A multivariate approach

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Lung volume, chest size, and hematological variation in low-, medium-, and high-altitude Central Asian populations

Lung volume, chest size, and hematological variation in low-, medium-, and high-altitude Central Asian populations

Anthropometric and hematological tests to diagnose nutritional deficiencies in schoolchildren of indigenous communities living in the Andean region of Ecuador

O desafio da altitude. Uma perspectiva fisiológica

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