Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Blood, Liver and Kidney Tissues under the Effect of Tramadol Treatment

Owoade, Abiodun Olusoji; Adetutu, Adewale; Olorunnisola, Olubukola Sinbad

doi:10.35248/2329-6488.19.7.326

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The signi cant increase of these parameters in the exposed sh may be attributed to the hepatotoxic effects of CPZ. Our result is in agreement with the reports of other authors that recorded elevation of biochemical parameters in pharmaceutical-exposed sh (Owoade et al, 2019;Odo et al, 2020;Siddeswaran et al, 2020). There was signi cant decrease in the protein and glucose levels in C. gariepinus exposed to CPZ.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Hematological, Biochemical and Biometric Changes in Clarias Gariepinus Exposed to Antipsychotic Drug Chlorpromazine

Okpe

Eze

Ezinwa

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Chlorpromazine (CPZ) is a neuroleptic and antipsychotic medication for individuals suffering from schizophrenia and other medical conditions. This study investigated the effects of CPZ on the hematological, biochemical, and biometric characteristics in juvenile Clarias gariepinus. The fish were exposed to 0.53, 1.06 and 2.11 mgl−1 CPZ for 15 days after which they were withdrawn from the toxicant and allowed to recover for 5 days. Blood were sampled from the fish on day 1, 5, 10, 15 and during the 5-day recovering for hematological and biochemical analysis and thereafter, the fish were sacrificed for the morphometric analysis. While the values of the white blood cells significantly increased in the exposed fish, the hemoglobin, erythrocytes and packed cell volume decreased. Compared with the control, there were no significant differences in the values of the blood derivatives in the exposed fish. The values of protein and glucose reduced but that of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly elevated. Though there was no significant difference in the condition factor, a significant increase in hepatosomatic index occurred on day-15 at 5.28 mg/L CPZ. After the 5-day withdrawal from the drug, most of the studied parameters returned to the control values. The present study indicated that CPZ is toxic to fish and should be used with utmost care to guard against toxicological effect on non-target organisms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Hematological, Biochemical and Biometric Changes in Clarias Gariepinus Exposed to Antipsychotic Drug Chlorpromazine

Okpe

Eze

Ezinwa

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Creatinine uses the plasma level to determine the glomerular filtration rate during urea, and is used to determine the renal toxicological properties of antibiotics [15]. In this study, glomerular filtration rate which leads to creatinine build-up in the blood [16] . It is noted from the above table that the dose of animals with cefixime resulted in a significant increase in the concentration of liver enzymes ALT and AST compared with the control group .…”

Section: -Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Negative effect of therapeutic, double and overdoses of cefixime on the liver and kidneys of male albino rats

Shaker¹,

Razooqi²,

Shaban³

2020

ATMPH

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This study was designed to investigate the negative effect of double and excessive doses on the treatment of cefixime on male rats. 20 animals were selected with weights ranging from 190-200 mg and were in good health. These animals underwent good ventilation and appropriate laboratory conditions. The animals were divided into four groups, the first group was drawn with distilled water and the control group was returned, the remaining three groups were dosed using cefixime as a therapeutic dose, double dose, and overdose, respectively. After the 21-day dose, the results showed that tissue damage occurred in the liver tissue and significantly increased its enzymes in dosing groups with cefixime. Also, tissue damage in the kidneys with a significant decrease in the level of urea and a significant increase in the creatinine level of cefixime doses compared with the control group.

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“…Tramadol is evident in the inhibition of antioxidant enzymes, catalase and reduced glutathione (GSH) in liver and kidney of rats in research studies [41]. CAT is an important antioxidant enzyme which played a pivotal role in scavenging of oxidative free radicals [42]. The inhibition of these antioxidant enzymes observed in this study could be linked to exhaustion of these enzymes as a result of oxidative stress caused by tramadol administration.…”

Section: Tramadol Interferes With the Free Radical Scavenging Prowess Of Catalasementioning

confidence: 50%

Computational study on the molecular interactions of tramadol with selected antioxidant and detoxification enzymes in Drosophila melanogaster

Adeniran¹

2021

GSC Biol. and Pharm. Sci.

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Tramadol is a potent analgesic medication prescribed worldwide for treatment of acute and chronic pains. Its relative tendency to be abused has become a public health concern. This study was designed to evaluate the molecular interactions of tramadol with selected antioxidant and detoxification enzymes of Drosophila melanogaster. The structures of CYP2D6, catalase and defense repressor 1 were retrieved from protein database (PubMed, Swiss model) while tramadol 2D structure was obtained from PubChem repository and prepared using LigPrep scripts as implemented in Small-Molecule Drug Discovery Suite of Schrödinger. 2D structure of tramadol was docked into the protein model binding site using Glide software from Schrodinger. The result revealed that, on the binding pocket of CYP2D6, tramadol and CYP2D6 inhibitor bind the protein pocket via hydrogen bond. The hydroxyl group of tramadol and the inhibitor interacts with the C=O groups of the residues Glu 128 and Lys 264 on the protein pocket respectively. Tramadol binds with higher affinity with a docking score of -4.581 kcal/mol when compared with the inhibitor which gave a docking score of -1.865 kcal/mol. With catalase, tramadol and the crystalized ligands were observed to exhibit hydrogen bonding with Ala 64 residue on the protein binding pocket with docking score of -2.348 kcal/mol and -3.431 kcal/mol respectively. The ability of tramadol to interact with these enzymes, strongly suggests that tramadol treatment may induce oxidative stress and at high dose might result in cellular toxicity. Therefore, the toxic effects of tramadol should be of concern despite the important role it plays in pain management.

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Hematological and Biochemical Changes in Blood, Liver and Kidney Tissues under the Effect of Tramadol Treatment

Cited by 18 publications

References 33 publications

Hematological, Biochemical and Biometric Changes in Clarias Gariepinus Exposed to Antipsychotic Drug Chlorpromazine

Hematological, Biochemical and Biometric Changes in Clarias Gariepinus Exposed to Antipsychotic Drug Chlorpromazine

Negative effect of therapeutic, double and overdoses of cefixime on the liver and kidneys of male albino rats

Computational study on the molecular interactions of tramadol with selected antioxidant and detoxification enzymes in Drosophila melanogaster

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