Hematological and Biochemical Changes among Visceral Leishmaniasis (Kala-Azar) Patients Under Sodium Stibogluconate (SSG) and Ambisome Therapy

Abstract

Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) remains one of the most serious public health concerns owing to its increased morbidity and mortality in untreated cases. The current study aimed to estimate hematological and chemical parameters among VL Sudanese patients in ElGadarif State Whole blood samples of 39 VL patients were collected for complete blood count and clinical chemistry parameters, Complete Blood Count (CBC) was performed, and clinical chemistry parameters were carried out via chemical analyzer Biosystem, as well as reagents for different analytical parameters measurements. Data was analyzed with the statistical package of social science (SPSS) version 22. A significant decrease in Hemoglobin (Hb), (Packed Cell Volume) PCV, Mean Cell Hemoglobin (MCH), White Blood Cells (WBCs), and platelets (PLT) were decreased, while Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration MCHC was increased among case group than control, MCV has no difference between groups. Liver Function Tests (LFT) enzymes and Renal Functions Tests (RFTs) showed that there was a significant increase in urea, (Aspartate transaminase) AST, and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) when compared to the control group while creatinine and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were insignificantly increased among case group than the control. A non-significant increase in urea, creatinine, ALT, AT, and ALP levels among the Ambisone group more than Sodium Stibogluconate (SSG) group (p-value ≤0.05) VL patients suffering from thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and anemia, and significant mild increased in levels of urea, creatinine and liver enzyme, Ambisone treatment was associated with the significantly increased level of urea and a mild increase in creatinine and AST than SSG treatment.