Hematological and acid-base changes in men during prolonged exercise with and without sodium-lactate infusion

Miller, Benjamin F.; Lindinger, Michael I.; Fattor, Jill A.; Jacobs, Kevin A.; LeBlanc, Paul J.; Duong, MyLinh; Heigenhauser, George J. F.; Brooks, George A.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00753.2004

Cited by 38 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 44 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…The infusion of sodium lactate presents a special case of inducing a MALK for at least two reasons: (1) lactate − is a strong acid anion and (2) there is a suppression of VE (205,206,301) that seemingly occurs independent of the decrease in arterial plasma [H + ] (301) and in the absence of change in PCO 2 both at rest and during moderate-intensity exercise (206). While lactate − is a strong acid anion in physiological solution because of its pK , it is somewhat unique, compared to strong inorganic anions such as Cl − , because of its ability to rapidly enter cells and be oxidized (204 Figure 21 Scheme of interactive processes operating during an induced respiratory alkalosis.…”

Section: Experimentally Induced Metabolic Alkalosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Gas Exchange on Acid‐Base Balance

Lindinger

Heigenhauser

2012

Comprehensive Physiology

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This paper describes the interactions between ventilation and acid-base balance under a variety of conditions including rest, exercise, altitude, pregnancy, and various muscle, respiratory, cardiac, and renal pathologies. We introduce the physicochemical approach to assessing acid-base status and demonstrate how this approach can be used to quantify the origins of acid-base disorders using examples from the literature. The relationships between chemoreceptor and metaboreceptor control of ventilation and acid-base balance summarized here for adults, youth, and in various pathological conditions. There is a dynamic interplay between disturbances in acid-base balance, that is, exercise, that affect ventilation as well as imposed or pathological disturbances of ventilation that affect acid-base balance. Interactions between ventilation and acid-base balance are highlighted for moderate- to high-intensity exercise, altitude, induced acidosis and alkalosis, pregnancy, obesity, and some pathological conditions. In many situations, complete acid-base data are lacking, indicating a need for further research aimed at elucidating mechanistic bases for relationships between alterations in acid-base state and the ventilatory responses.

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Section: Experimentally Induced Metabolic Alkalosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Gas Exchange on Acid‐Base Balance

Lindinger

Heigenhauser

2012

Comprehensive Physiology

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“…Miller et al (2005) have reported that the LC method allows an increase in lactate without causing acidosis; in fact, LC caused a mild alkalosis. LC did not increase ventilation or rating of perceived exertion, suggesting that the LC can be used to solely study the effect of lactate, rather than acidosis, on metabolic functions.…”

Section: Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactate – a signal coordinating cell and systemic function

Philp¹,

Macdonald

Watt³

2005

Journal of Experimental Biology

261

177

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SUMMARY Since its first documented observation in exhausted animal muscle in the early 19th century, the role of lactate (lactic acid) has fascinated muscle physiologists and biochemists. Initial interpretation was that lactate appeared as a waste product and was responsible in some way for exhaustion during exercise. Recent evidence, and new lines of investigation, now place lactate as an active metabolite, capable of moving between cells, tissues and organs, where it may be oxidised as a fuel or reconverted to form pyruvate or glucose. The questions now to be asked concern the effects of lactate at the systemic and cellular level on metabolic processes. Does lactate act as a metabolic signal to specific tissues, becoming a metabolite pseudo-hormone?Does lactate have a role in whole-body coordination of sympathetic/parasympathetic nerve system control? And, finally, does lactate play a role in maintaining muscle excitability during intense muscle contraction? The concept of lactate acting as a signalling compound is a relatively new hypothesis stemming from a combination of comparative, cell and whole-organism investigations. It has been clearly demonstrated that lactate is capable of entering cells via the monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) protein shuttle system and that conversion of lactate to and from pyruvate is governed by specific lactate dehydrogenase isoforms, thereby forming a highly adaptable metabolic intermediate system. This review is structured in three sections,the first covering pertinent topics in lactate's history that led to the model of lactate as a waste product. The second section will discuss the potential of lactate as a signalling compound, and the third section will identify ways in which such a hypothesis might be investigated. In examining the history of lactate research, it appears that periods have occurred when advances in scientific techniques allowed investigation of this metabolite to expand. Similar to developments made first in the 1920s and then in the 1980s, contemporary advances in stable isotope, gene microarray and RNA interference technologies may allow the next stage of understanding of the role of this compound, so that, finally, the fundamental questions of lactate's role in whole-body and localised muscle function may be answered.

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“…The preference of working muscle for lactate over glucose has been established in combined lactate clamp and tracer studies [36], [37], [38]. The apparent preference for fructose over glucose is likely attributable to the conversion of fructose to lactate and subsequent use of lactate derived from exogenously supplied fructose ( vide supra ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Lactate, Fructose and Glucose Oxidation Profiles in Sports Drinks and the Effect on Exercise Performance

et al. 2007

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Exogenous carbohydrate oxidation was assessed in 6 male Category 1 and 2 cyclists who consumed CytoMax™ (C) or a leading sports drink (G) before and during continuous exercise (CE). C contained lactate-polymer, fructose, glucose and glucose polymer, while G contained fructose and glucose. Peak power output and VO2 on a cycle ergometer were 408±13 W and 67.4±3.2 mlO2·kg−1·min−1. Subjects performed 3 bouts of CE with C, and 2 with G at 62% VO2peak for 90 min, followed by high intensity (HI) exercise (86% VO2peak) to volitional fatigue. Subjects consumed 250 ml fluid immediately before (−2 min) and every 15 min of cycling. Drinks at −2 and 45 min contained 100 mg of [U-13C]-lactate, -glucose or -fructose. Blood, pulmonary gas samples and 13CO2 excretion were taken prior to fluid ingestion and at 5,10,15,30,45,60,75, and 90 min of CE, at the end of HI, and 15 min of recovery. HI after CE was 25% longer with C than G (6.5±0.8 vs. 5.2±1.0 min, P<0.05). 13CO2 from the −2 min lactate tracer was significantly elevated above rest at 5 min of exercise, and peaked at 15 min. 13CO2 from the −2 min glucose tracer peaked at 45 min for C and G. 13CO2 increased rapidly from the 45 min lactate dose, and by 60 min of exercise was 33% greater than glucose in C or G, and 36% greater than fructose in G. 13CO2 production following tracer fructose ingestion was greater than glucose in the first 45 minutes in C and G. Cumulative recoveries of tracer during exercise were: 92%±5.3% for lactate in C and 25±4.0% for glucose in C or G. Recoveries for fructose in C and G were 75±5.9% and 26±6.6%, respectively. Lactate was used more rapidly and to a greater extent than fructose or glucose. CytoMax significantly enhanced HI.

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Hematological and acid-base changes in men during prolonged exercise with and without sodium-lactate infusion

Cited by 38 publications

References 44 publications

Effects of Gas Exchange on Acid‐Base Balance

Effects of Gas Exchange on Acid‐Base Balance

Lactate – a signal coordinating cell and systemic function

Lactate, Fructose and Glucose Oxidation Profiles in Sports Drinks and the Effect on Exercise Performance

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