Hematologic improvement in dogs with parvovirus infection treated with recombinant canine granulocyte‐colony stimulating factor

Abstract

Previously, dogs with canine parvovirus-induced neutropenia have not responded to treatment with recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). However, recombinant canine G-CSF (rcG-CSF) has not been previously evaluated for treatment of parvovirus-induced neutropenia in dogs. We assessed the effectiveness of rcG-CSF in dogs with parvovirus-induced neutropenia with a prospective, open-label, nonrandomized clinical trial. Endpoints of our study were time to recovery of WBC and neutrophil counts, and duration of hospitalization. 28 dogs with parvovirus and neutropenia were treated with rcG-CSF and outcomes were compared to those of 34 dogs with parvovirus and neutropenia not treated with rcG-CSF. We found that mean WBC and neutrophil counts were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in the 28 dogs treated with rcG-CSF compared to disease-matched dogs not treated with rcG-CSF. In addition, the mean duration of hospitalization was reduced (P = 0.01) in rcG-CSF treated dogs compared to untreated dogs. However, survival times were decreased in dogs treated with rcG-CSF compared to untreated dogs. These results suggest that treatment with rcG-CSF was effective in stimulating neutrophil recovery and shortening the duration of hospitalization in dogs with parvovirus infection, but indicate the need for additional studies to evaluate overall safety of the treatment.

Amelioration of oxidative stress using N‐acetylcysteine in canine parvoviral enteritis

“…In absence of suitable antiviral therapy to protect the dogs against CPV infection, supportive treatment is the only option to reduce the mortality due to this disease. Therapeutic efficacy of recombinant feline interferon ‐ω and recombinant canine granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor has been evaluated in CPV, but there are limitations like commercially nonavailability in all the places and exorbitant price make these therapeutics for regular use (De Mari, Maynard, Eun, & Lebreux, ; Duffy, Dow, Ogilvie, Rao, & Hackett, ; Mylonakis, Kalli, & Rallis, ). Oseltamivir, a neuraminidase inhibitor, has also been tried for the treatment of CPV without any substantial benefit in terms of survival or duration of hospitalization (Savigny & Macintire, ).…”

Dynamics of leukocytic indices for parvoviral enteritis at dogs

“…Для визначення імунорезистентності організму на сьогодні в гуманній медицині широко використовують розрахунок інтегральних лейкоцитарних індексів, показників змін неспецифічної реактивності організму, які відображають стан нейрогуморального гомеостазу в організмі, дозволяють оцінити стан механізмів імунної відповіді, а також рівень імунологічної реактивності при ураженні різних органів. Встановлено, що аналіз лейкоцитарних індексів є об'єктивним і своєчасним методом оцінки неспецифічного імунітету (Duffy et al, 2010;Derho & Samoylova, 2011;Sakovich, 2012;Ivashchuk, 2014;Allison et al, 2014;Kholodkovskaya, 2015).…”

Febrile Neutropenia

“…48 of this human protein to dogs may lead to the development of antibodies against rhG-CSF. 64,76,77,79 Some questions remain regarding its safety, however. 73 Recombinant canine G-CSF (rcG-CSF) was developed and has been used effectively to increase granulopoiesis in dogs and cats.…”

“…These antibodies cross-react with and neutralize canine G-CSF, which causes a chronic neutropenia. 64 In addition, no studies have been performed in cats to determine if long-term or repeat rcG-CSF use may induce antibody formation and lead to chronic neutropenia as seen with rhG-CSF use in dogs. [74][75][76][77][78] It has been demonstrated effective in dogs to accelerate recovery from neutropenia resulting from Parvovirus, chemotherapeutics, and cyclic hematopoiesis.…”

“…64 In specific situations, recombinant human G-CSF (rhG-CSF) is recommended as a prophylactic treatment to people receiving chemotherapy because it has been shown to decrease the incidence of febrile neutropenia and secondary infection in this population. G-CSF increases the differentiation of progenitor cells into neutrophils and acts on mature neutrophils to increase chemotaxis, enhance the respiratory burst, and improve IgA-mediated phagocytosis.…”