Help-seeking behaviour towards anxiety among undergraduate students of Nepal: a web-based cross-sectional study

Abstract

Background: Stigma among mental disorders like anxiety has been identified as an important barrier in help-seeking by national policymakers. Anxiety disorders are quite common among college students, and their severity and prevalence are growing. This study aimed to assess help-seeking behaviour toward anxiety among undergraduate students of Kathmandu University. Methodology: A web-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 422 undergraduate students. General Help-Seeking Questionnaire (GHSQ) tool was used to assess help-seeking behaviour. Frequencies, percentages, mean, and standard deviation were calculated to assess the characteristics of the participants. Factors associated with help-seeking behaviour were examined using Chi-square tests. Pearson correlation was determined to find out the association between professional and informal sources for seeking help. All the tests were carried out at the statistically significant level at a P-value of 0.05. Results: The mean (±SD) age was 20.3±1.1 years in this study. This study demonstrated that 36.5% and 17.5% of the participants were extremely likely to seek help from parents and psychiatrists towards anxiety respectively. Gender (OR=1.5, 95% CI: 1.0-1.3) was significantly associated with parents, education was significantly associated with parents (OR=0.4, 95% CI:0.2-0.6), and friends (OR= 0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-0.9), meanwhile, ethnicity (OR=0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.9) and residence (OR=0.5, 95% CI: 0.3-0.8) were significantly associated with psychiatrists and psychologists for help-seeking behavior respectively. Fear of criticism (34.1%) and stigma (20.3%) were the main reasons for not seeking help among the participants. The maximum number of participants (41.5%) preferred to seek help immediately if they ever experienced anxiety. This study showed professional and informal sources were positively correlated with anxiety (rpi=0.3) at a P-value <0.05. Conclusion: This study showed that students preferred to seek help from informal sources rather than professional sources. In addition, there is still stigma and fear among students regarding mental health. This study suggests that there is a need to have psychosocial intervention at colleges and educational institutions in order to promote professional help-seeking for any mental disorders including anxiety.