Help, Prejudice and Headscarves

The dual-process approach to human sociality: Meta-analytic evidence for a theory of internalized heuristics for self-preservation.

“…However, this overall conclusion was subsequently challenged by Kvarven et al (2020), who conducted an updated meta-analysis (82 experiments). In their meta-analysis, Kvarven and colleagues included only social dilemmas, meaning that they did not include the trust game, the sequential prisoner’s dilemma, and the two natural field experiments by Artavia-Mora et al (2017, 2018). In doing so, they did find an overall effect of intuition on cooperation (effect size = 2.19 percentage points, CI not reported, p = .005), but, critically, this effect was entirely driven by conceptual primes explicitly asking participants to rely on their emotion (effect size = 14.88 percentage points, CI not reported, p < .001).…”

“…The first meta-analysis was published by Rand (2016), who analyzed 67 experiments in which participants’ cognitive processing was manipulated while making a pure cooperation decision; he included in the meta-analysis also studies using the trust game (only Player 2) and sequential prisoner’s dilemmas (only second movers). He also included two field experiments in which subjects had to decide whether to return a lost glove under different time constraints (Artavia-Mora et al, 2017, 2018) and one study in which cooperating with one player implied competing with a third party (De Dreu et al, 2015). In doing so, he reported an overall positive effect of intuition on cooperation (effect size = 6.1 percentage points, 95% CI [3.4, 8.9]).…”