Helminth risks associated with mixed game and livestock interactions in and around Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda

Ocaido, Michael; Siefert, L.; Baranga, Jonathan

doi:10.1111/j.0141-6707.2004.00484.x

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 2 publications

(1 reference statement)

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“…A recent investigation (Ocaido et al, 2004) has shown that F. gigantica is one of the most widespread helminths among wildlife in and around Lake Mburo National Park in Uganda, confirming earlier reports by Hammond and Sewell (1993) and Okao (1975), that in Uganda F. gigantica can be maintained in wildlife without the presence of domestic livestock. The reports on Fasciola in both wildlife and livestock, combined with the large geographical areas of suitable L. natalensis habitat modeled for Uganda, indicate a potential human and livestock health risk, especially in areas around national parks were mixed game and livestock production systems exists (Ocaido et al, 2004). To evaluate the magnitude of human risk to fascioliasis in Uganda, epidemiological studies in areas overlapping with modeled suitable habitats for L. natalensis should be undertaken.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…Furthermore, there has been speculation about the part possibly played by wild African ruminants in the epidemiology of fascioliasis, both in relation to infection of domestic livestock and out of concern for the potential damage that fascioliasis could cause to wildlife confined within reserves (Hammond, 1972;Brown, 1994). A recent investigation (Ocaido et al, 2004) has shown that F. gigantica is one of the most widespread helminths among wildlife in and around Lake Mburo National Park in Uganda, confirming earlier reports by Hammond and Sewell (1993) and Okao (1975), that in Uganda F. gigantica can be maintained in wildlife without the presence of domestic livestock. The reports on Fasciola in both wildlife and livestock, combined with the large geographical areas of suitable L. natalensis habitat modeled for Uganda, indicate a potential human and livestock health risk, especially in areas around national parks were mixed game and livestock production systems exists (Ocaido et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling freshwater snail habitat suitability and areas of potential snail-borne disease transmission in Uganda

Stensgaard

Jørgensen²,

Kabatereine

et al. 2006

Geospat Health

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Abstract. Geographic information system (GIS)-based modeling of an intermediate host snail species' environmental requirements using known occurrence records can provide estimates of its spatial distribution. When other data are lacking, this can be used as a rough spatial prediction of potential snail-borne disease transmission areas. Furthermore, knowledge of abiotic factors affecting intra-molluscan parasitic development can be used to make "masks" based on remotely sensed climatic data, and these can in turn be used to refine these predictions. We used data from a recent freshwater snail survey from Uganda, environmental data and the genetic algorithm for rule-set prediction (GARP) to map the potential distribution of snail species known to act as intermediate hosts of several human and animal parasites. The results suggest that large areas of Uganda are suitable habitats for many of these snail species, indicating a large potential for disease transmission. The lack of parasitological data still makes it difficult to determine the magnitude of actual disease transmission, but the predicted snail distributions might be used as indicators of potential present and future risk areas. Some of the predicted snail distribution maps were furthermore combined with temperature masks delineating suitable temperature regimes of the parasites they host. This revealed the coinciding suitable areas for snail and parasite, but also areas suitable for host snails, but apparently not for the parasites. Assuming that the developed models correctly reflect areas suitable for transmission, the applied approach could prove useful for targeting control interventions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling freshwater snail habitat suitability and areas of potential snail-borne disease transmission in Uganda

Stensgaard

Jørgensen²,

Kabatereine

et al. 2006

Geospat Health

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“…Njoroge et al (2002) reported a prevalence of 19.4%, 3.6%, 4.5% and 61.4% in cattle, sheep, goats and camels respectively in Kenya. The disease was also reported in domestic and wildlife in Uganda (Ocaido et al 2004). Ngowi et al (2004) reported a prevalence of 4.3% in pigs in northern Tanzania.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Hydatidosis of slaughtered animals in Ngorongoro district of Arusha region, Tanzania

Eblate

Nonga

Kassuku

et al. 2008

Trop Anim Health Prod

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A study on the prevalence of hydatidosis in cattle, goats and sheep was carried out in Ngorongoro district of Arusha region, Tanzania. A 4-years data records from four slaughter slabs were retrieved and analysed. In addition, meat inspection was done in the same slaughter slabs for nine months and 64 households were interviewed to assess the community awareness on hydatidosis. Results showed the overall prevalence of hydatidosis to be 47.9%. Species prevalence of 48.7%, 34.7% and 63.8% in cattle, goats and sheep respectively was recorded. Of 174 cysts examined in cattle, 37 (21.3%) were fertile, 126 (72.4%) were sterile and 11 (6.3%) were calcified. Out of 215 goats and 67 sheep cysts examined, 52 (24.7%) and 26 (38.8%) were fertile, 138 (64.2%) and 38 (56.7%) were sterile, 24 (11.2%) and 3 (4.5%) were calcified respectively. The higher percentage of fertile hydatid cysts in sheep and goats coupled with the practice of backyard slaughter of sheep and goats suggests that, these animals could be important intermediate hosts for the maintenance of the domestic life cycle of E. granulosus in the locality. Questionnaire survey revealed that 17.2% of the respondents were aware of hydatidosis but non of them were knowledgeable on its transmission. Up to 84.4% of the respondents had domestic ruminants and donkeys, while 89.1% had dogs. Of the households with dogs, only 19.3% had their dogs dewormed at least once in life time. Most of the households (87.7%) had their dogs managed freely and 77.2% of the respondents reported school children to be the closest friends of dogs in the family. The prevalence of E. granulosus infection in wildlife and the possible relationship of the domestic cycle to the sylvatic cycle operating in the same area are unknown and need to be studied.

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“…Previous work (Ocaido 1995;Ocaido et al 2006;Mugisha et al 2005) on disease problems in the study area suggested that Ticks and Tick Borne Diseases (TTBDs) were the major constraint to cattle production. R. appendiculatus, the vector of East Coast Fever (ECF), was found to be the most abundant tick species (Ocaido et al 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Economic impact of ticks and tick-borne diseases on cattle production systems around Lake Mburo National Park in South Western Uganda

Ocaido

Muwazi

Opuda

2008

Trop Anim Health Prod

Self Cite

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A longitudinal economic impact study of Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases (TTBDs) in cattle around Lake Mburo National Park (LMNP) was done. Impact was valued using Uganda Shilling (Ug. Shs) (exchange rate of 1USD to Ug. Shs 1,420). The costs for controlling TTBDs was constituting 85.6 +/- 3.2% (pastoral) and 73.8 +/- 4.2% (ranches) to total disease control costs. The main costs were on tick control, constituting 83.1% (ranches) and 87.9% (pastoral). In pastoral herds, the costs were negatively correlated to herd size (r = -0.99). The mean annual cost per cattle for controlling TTBDs for ranch and pastoral herds was similar Ug. Shs 5,900 +/- 545. The mean annual Economic Cost (EC) of TTBDs per cattle was not significantly different (p > 0.05) between pastoral (Ug. Shs 6,700 +/- 580) and ranch herds (Ug. Shs 7,600 +/- 970). The mean annual EC per cattle was negatively correlated (r = -0.99) with herd size in pastoral systems contrary to positive correlation (r = 0.99) observed among the ranches. The major component of EC of TTBDs of 88.2% (pastoral) and 78.6% (ranches) was due to their control. The other component was owed to mortality, which was positively correlated (p < 0.01) to the ranch herd size. The total annual EC of TTBDs around LMNP was Ug. Shs 437,754,600 (USD 308,144).

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Helminth risks associated with mixed game and livestock interactions in and around Lake Mburo National Park, Uganda

Cited by 18 publications

References 2 publications

Modeling freshwater snail habitat suitability and areas of potential snail-borne disease transmission in Uganda

Modeling freshwater snail habitat suitability and areas of potential snail-borne disease transmission in Uganda

Hydatidosis of slaughtered animals in Ngorongoro district of Arusha region, Tanzania

Economic impact of ticks and tick-borne diseases on cattle production systems around Lake Mburo National Park in South Western Uganda

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