Helminth Parasites of the Raccoon (Procyon lotor) from Tennessee and Kentucky

Smith, R. A. L.; Kennedy, Michael L.; Wilhelm, Walter E.

doi:10.2307/3281431

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…These findings are generally consistent with other studies in temperate areas (Smith et al 1985) and lend further support to the hypothesis that prevalence of B. procyonis undergoes a yearly cycle in raccoons in temperate areas (Kazocos 2001). While we found that prevalence increased in July, other authors found that prevalence increased later, in September or October (Smith et al 1985). Additional studies with larger sample sizes are required to determine if this is a consistent finding in our area, perhaps related to our more northern location.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

THE IMPACT OF LAND USE, SEASON, AGE, AND SEX ON THE PREVALENCE AND INTENSITY OFBAYLISASCARIS PROCYONISINFECTIONS IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR) FROM ONTARIO, CANADA

Jardine

Pearl

Puskas

et al. 2014

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:We assessed the impact of land use, demographic factors, and season on the prevalence and intensity of Baylisascaris procyonis infections in raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Ontario, Canada. From March to October 2012, we recorded the number of B. procyonis in the intestinal tracts of raccoons submitted to the Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre for necropsy. Logistic regression models were used to examine associations between the presence of B. procyonis and age (adult, juvenile), sex, land use (suburban/urban, rural), and season (MarchJune and July-October); negative binomial regression models were used to examine associations between the number of worms and the same variables. We detected B. procyonis in 38% (95% confidence interval 30-47%) of raccoons examined (n5128). In univariable models, the presence of B. procyonis was significantly associated with age, land use, and season (P,0.05). Age was not retained in the multivariable model, and the impact of sex on the presence of B. procyonis varied with land use and season. For example, from March to June, suburban/urban male raccoons were significantly more likely to be infected with B. procyonis than suburban/urban female raccoons. However, later in the summer (July-October), the opposite was true. The median number of worms in the intestinal tracts of infected raccoons was 3 (range 1-116). Worm number was significantly associated with age and season in univariable models; in the multivariable model, juvenile raccoons had significantly more worms than adults, and the impact of season on the number of worms varied with land use and sex. A better understanding of the epidemiology of B. procyonis in raccoons is important for developing appropriate strategies to reduce the risk of human exposure to B. procyonis from the environment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

THE IMPACT OF LAND USE, SEASON, AGE, AND SEX ON THE PREVALENCE AND INTENSITY OFBAYLISASCARIS PROCYONISINFECTIONS IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR) FROM ONTARIO, CANADA

Jardine

Pearl

Puskas

et al. 2014

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…This behavioral difference and acting power to live food resources might partially explain different prevalences by sex noted in the present study (17.5-38.1 % in females vs. 28.6-52.6% in males). Two Physaloptera spp., Physaloptera rara and P. maxillaris, have been recorded at a high prevalence (63-97%) in raccoons of North America [9,35,46]. The former species is a common stomach parasite of coyotes (Canis latrans Say, 1823), while the latter is a common stomach parasite of skunk (Mephitis mephitis (Schreber, 1776)).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal Helminths of Feral Raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan

Sato

Suzuki

2006

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. The population and distribution of feral raccoons (Procyon lotor) are expanding in Japan after escape or release from animalowners. Wakayama Prefecture is one of the most typically devastated areas by this exotic carnivore, particularly in the last five years after a latent distribution for more than ten years. Most of the collected parasites are food-borne, indigenous helminth species. Physaloptera sp. has never been recorded in indigenous wild carnivores in Japan, and resembles closely P. rara, prevalent in raccoons of North America, in morphology. The position of a pair of phasmids in the posteroventral region of the adult male, however, could differentiate it from P. rara. Since Strongyloides procyonis is known to cause creeping eruption as well as intestinal infection in a healthy human volunteer, we should be concerned about the rapid increase in the population and distribution of feral raccoons in Japan from the viewpoint of public health as well.

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“…This is well illustrated by the situation in North America, where there are one or two reports of infection in wild carnivores and domestic dogs each year, mostly from states in the southeastern United States and from southern Ontario, Canada (e.g., see reference 14). However, in studies where large numbers of raccoons were dissected and immature worms were found, prevalence rates of 13.8% (144) to about 50% (47) were recorded. The taxonomic status of this North American parasite is also worthy of investigation.…”

Section: Zoonotic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease) and the Eradication Initiative

2002

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Dracunculiasis, also known as guinea worm disease, is caused by the large female of the nematode Dracunculus medinensis, which emerges painfully and slowly from the skin, usually on the lower limbs. The disease can infect animals, and sustainable animal cycles occur in North America and Central Asia but do not act as reservoirs of human infection. The disease is endemic across the Sahel belt of Africa from Mauritania to Ethiopia, having been eliminated from Asia and some African countries. It has a significant socioeconomic impact because of the temporary disability that it causes. Dracunculiasis is exclusively caught from drinking water, usually from ponds. A campaign to eradicate the disease was launched in the 1980s and has made significant progress. The strategy of the campaign is discussed, including water supply, health education, case management, and vector control. Current issues including the integration of the campaign into primary health care and the mapping of cases by using geographic information systems are also considered. Finally, some lessons for other disease control and eradication programs are outlined

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Helminth Parasites of the Raccoon (Procyon lotor) from Tennessee and Kentucky

Cited by 26 publications

References 13 publications

THE IMPACT OF LAND USE, SEASON, AGE, AND SEX ON THE PREVALENCE AND INTENSITY OFBAYLISASCARIS PROCYONISINFECTIONS IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR) FROM ONTARIO, CANADA

THE IMPACT OF LAND USE, SEASON, AGE, AND SEX ON THE PREVALENCE AND INTENSITY OFBAYLISASCARIS PROCYONISINFECTIONS IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR) FROM ONTARIO, CANADA

Gastrointestinal Helminths of Feral Raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Wakayama Prefecture, Japan

Dracunculiasis (Guinea Worm Disease) and the Eradication Initiative

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