Helium Magnetometers

Heil, W.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-34070-8_16

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…There are many different types of OPM devices, including 3 He- and 4 He-based magnetometers, that have been extensively studied . For alkali-metal-based magnetometers, the principle of operation is similar to that shown in Figure where the D 1 transition between the 2 S 1/2 and 2 P 1/2 levels is pumped with σ + photons from a powerful light source, typically a laser.…”

Section: Hyperpolarization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance

et al. 2023

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Magnetic resonance techniques are successfully utilized in a broad range of scientific disciplines and in various practical applications, with medical magnetic resonance imaging being the most widely known example. Currently, both fundamental and applied magnetic resonance are enjoying a major boost owing to the rapidly developing field of spin hyperpolarization. Hyperpolarization techniques are able to enhance signal intensities in magnetic resonance by several orders of magnitude, and thus to largely overcome its major disadvantage of relatively low sensitivity. This provides new impetus for existing applications of magnetic resonance and opens the gates to exciting new possibilities. In this review, we provide a unified picture of the many methods and techniques that fall under the umbrella term "hyperpolarization" but are currently seldom perceived as integral parts of the same field. Specifically, before delving into the individual techniques, we provide a detailed analysis of the underlying principles of spin hyperpolarization. We attempt to uncover and classify the origins of hyperpolarization, to establish its sources and the specific mechanisms that enable the flow of polarization from a source to the target spins. We then give a more detailed analysis of individual hyperpolarization techniques: the mechanisms by which they work, fundamental and technical requirements, characteristic applications, unresolved issues, and possible future directions. We are seeing a continuous growth of activity in the field of spin hyperpolarization, and we expect the field to flourish as new and improved hyperpolarization techniques are implemented. Some key areas for development are in prolonging polarization lifetimes, making hyperpolarization techniques more generally applicable to chemical/biological systems, reducing the technical and equipment requirements, and creating more efficient excitation and detection schemes. We hope this review will facilitate the sharing of knowledge between subfields within the broad topic of hyperpolarization, to help overcome existing challenges in magnetic resonance and enable novel applications.

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Section: Hyperpolarization Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance

et al. 2023

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“…Furthermore, we focus specifically on alkali-vapor sensing. References are provided for readers interested in learning more about magnetic sensing with nuclear or electron spins in helium [27][28][29][30][31][32][33], as well as comagnetometers incorporating both noble-gas and alkali vapors in tandem, whereby the nuclear-spin signal is enhanced via spin-exchange optical pumping [34,35]. Helium magnetometers have traditionally been used for military and aerospace applications, due to their instrinsic robustness and stability, and optically pumped He-4 sensors have recently begun to approach the sensitivity levels of their alkali cousins [28,36].…”

Section: Why Should You Build An Atomic Magnetometer?mentioning

confidence: 99%

How to build a magnetometer with thermal atomic vapor: a tutorial

2023

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This article is designed as a step-by-step guide to optically pumped magnetometers based on alkali atomic vapor cells. We begin with a general introduction to atomic magneto-optical response, as well as expected magnetometer performance merits and how they are affected by main sources of noise. This is followed by a brief comparison of different magnetometer realizations and an overview of current research, with the aim of helping readers to identify the most suitable magnetometer type for specific applications. Next, we discuss some practical considerations for experimental implementations, using the case of an M z magnetometer as an example of the design process. Finally, an interactive workbook with real magnetometer data is provided to illustrate magnetometer-performance analysis.

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“…The principle of the helium optically pumped magnetometer is similar to that of the alkali-metal magnetometer, with an additional step of electromagnetic excitation [80]. High-frequency excitation is used to excite the helium in the cell from the ground-state 1 1 S 0 to the metastable state 2 3 S 1 .…”

Section: Helium Optically Pumped Magnetometersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress of Atomic Magnetometers for Geomagnetic Applications

Zhao

Zhu

et al. 2023

Sensors

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The atomic magnetometer is currently one of the most-sensitive sensors and plays an important role in applications for detecting weak magnetic fields. This review reports the recent progress of total-field atomic magnetometers that are one important ramification of such magnetometers, which can reach the technical level for engineering applications. The alkali-metal magnetometers, helium magnetometers, and coherent population-trapping magnetometers are included in this review. Besides, the technology trend of atomic magnetometers was analyzed for the purpose of providing a certain reference for developing the technologies in such magnetometers and for exploring their applications.

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Helium Magnetometers

Cited by 4 publications

References 53 publications

Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance

Spin Hyperpolarization in Modern Magnetic Resonance

How to build a magnetometer with thermal atomic vapor: a tutorial

Recent Progress of Atomic Magnetometers for Geomagnetic Applications

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