Helium influence on the microstructure and swelling of 9%Cr ferritic steel after neutron irradiation to 16.3 dpa

Klimenkov, M.; Möslang, A.; Materna-Morris, E.

doi:10.1016/j.jnucmat.2014.05.001

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Comparison of these results with the findings in Ref. [6] indicates a non-homogeneous distribution of boron in the investigated RAFM steel. The present experiments by dual-beam ion irradiation may enable us to get more insight on the importance of such artifacts.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…7.9 ± 0.7 7.1 ± 0.5 11 ± 0.9 Observed dislocation density (10 14 m À2 ) 6.9 ± 0.7 3.0 ± 0.1 4.0 ± 0.4 a mean diameter of 1.4 nm in Eurofer-97. After irradiation of the same material to 16.3 dpa and 412 appm He in HFR [6], at conditions that one may consider similar to ours in terms of dose, temperature and helium content, the cavity microstructure was much coarser. Densities and mean cavity sizes were 0.32 Â 10 22 m À3 and 10 nm at 350 C and 0.24 Â 10 22 m À3 and 5 nm at 450 C. As for the dislocation loops, this tends to indicate a temperature shift larger than 50 C between ion-and neutron-irradiations, although the different helium-to-dpa ratios and the fact that all helium production is nearly finished after 1 dpa in the HFR neutron irradiations may also alter the cavity microstructure.…”

Section: Multi-beam Irradiations Of Eurofer-97 and Eurofer-ods: Effecsupporting

confidence: 59%

“…For all specimens, He bubble size increases with irradiation temperature. For helium concentrations of 82 appm and 412 appm, it is shown that no cavities formed after irradiation at 250 C (except at boron containing precipitates), randomly distributed cavities formed at 350 C and preferential nucleation of smaller cavities on dislocations and grain boundaries occurred at 450 C [6]. The swelling was maximal at a temperature of 350 C at around 0.6%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…This later feature means that the helium is produced heterogeneously to some extent. After irradiation to 250 C, the presence of nanometer sized bubbles localized around boron containing precipitates was observed in a sample that otherwise did not contain bubbles [6]. On the other hand for an irradiation temperature of 250 C and for a helium content of 412 appm the presence of nearly homogeneously distributed helium bubbles were found [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…In HFR [6,13], concentrations of~80 appm He,~415 appm He and~5800 appm He were obtained for EUROFER-97 melted with various amounts of boron and irradiated to 16.3 dpa. Irradiation temperature went from 250 to 450 C. Dislocation loops, a'-precipitates and helium bubbles were observed by TEM after irradiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Microstructural characterization of Eurofer-97 and Eurofer-ODS steels before and after multi-beam ion irradiations at JANNUS Saclay facility

Brimbal

Beck

Troeber

et al. 2015

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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a b s t r a c t RAFM steels such as Eurofer-97 and Eurofer-ODS are potential structural materials for future fusion reactors. In order to study their resistance to the high energy neutrons they will be subjected to in this context, we have irradiated these materials in single-, dual-and triple-beam mode to 26 dpa at 400 C. In single-beam mode (Fe ions only), both materials resist swelling but dislocation loops form. For dual-(Fe and He ions) and triple-beam (Fe, He and H) modes, the same dislocation loop microstructure is observed as for the single-beam mode, but small cavities form, aided by the presence of gases. Despite the formation of cavities, swelling is very low for the present conditions. The influence of ODS particles on swelling is briefly discussed.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Multi-beam Irradiations Of Eurofer-97 and Eurofer-ods: Effecsupporting

confidence: 59%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Microstructural characterization of Eurofer-97 and Eurofer-ODS steels before and after multi-beam ion irradiations at JANNUS Saclay facility

Brimbal

Beck

Troeber

et al. 2015

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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show abstract

High pressure investigations on neutron irradiated ferroboron

et al. 2022

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Statistical analysis of helium bubbles in transmission electron microscopy images based on machine learning method

Bai

Zhang

et al. 2021

NUCL SCI TECH

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Helium bubbles, which are typical radiation microstructures observed in metals or alloys, are usually investigated using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). However, the investigation requires human inputs to locate and mark the bubbles in the acquired TEM images, rendering this task laborious and prone to error. In this paper, a machine learning method capable of automatically identifying and analyzing TEM images of helium bubbles is proposed, thereby improving the efficiency and reliability of the investigation. In the proposed technique, helium bubble clusters are first determined via the density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise algorithm after removing the background and noise pixels. For each helium bubble cluster, the number of helium bubbles is determined based on the cluster size depending on the specific image resolution. Finally, the helium bubble clusters are analyzed using a Gaussian mixture model, yielding the location and size information on the helium bubbles. In contrast to other approaches that require training using numerous annotated images to establish an accurate classifier, the parameters used in the established model are determined using a small number of TEM images. The results of the model formulated according to the proposed approach achieved a higher F1 score validated through some helium bubble images manually marked. Furthermore, the established model can identify bubble-like objects that humans cannot facilely identify. This computationally efficient method achieves object recognition for material structure identification that may be advantageous to scientific work.

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Helium influence on the microstructure and swelling of 9%Cr ferritic steel after neutron irradiation to 16.3 dpa

Cited by 35 publications

References 14 publications

Microstructural characterization of Eurofer-97 and Eurofer-ODS steels before and after multi-beam ion irradiations at JANNUS Saclay facility

Microstructural characterization of Eurofer-97 and Eurofer-ODS steels before and after multi-beam ion irradiations at JANNUS Saclay facility

High pressure investigations on neutron irradiated ferroboron

Statistical analysis of helium bubbles in transmission electron microscopy images based on machine learning method

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