Heligmosomoides polygyrus (= Nematospiroides dubius): Humoral and intestinal immunologic responses to infection in mice

Immunological relationships during primary infection with Heligmosomoides polygyrus (Nematospiroides dubius): parasite specific IgG1 antibody responses and primary response phenotype

“…The results are summarized in Table 3. Although it was not possible to measure IgGl concentrations in naive mice in all experiments, the data which were obtained show that 1-2.5 mg/ml can be expected in uninfected mice and this is consistent with other reports in the literature (Crandall, Crandall & Franco 1974, Pritchard, Behnke & Williams 1984. With this baseline it is quite evident that the slow responder strains had relatively modest changes in total serum IgGl during the course of the first ten weeks following infection, maximal levels not exceeding 4 mg/ml.…”

“…On repeated exposure, acquired immunity eventually develops and is known to be associated with specific IgGl antibodies and with an increase in total serum lgGl often exceeding 20 mg/ml (Chapman et al 1979a. In contrast, primary infections seldom cause more than a two-fold increase in total IgGl (Molinari, Ebersole & Cypress 1978) and specific titres are significantly lower than in hyperimmunized animals (Crandall et al 1974, Pritchard et al 1984. Because the involvement of IgGl in determining the duration of primary infections is still controversial, a clarification of the function of this isotype is important if the role of Th 1/Th2 cells is to be understood in relation to parasite evasive strategies.…”

The relationship between circulating and intestinal Heligmosomoides polygyrus‐specific IgG1 and IgA and resistance to primary infection

“…H. polygyrus is known to stimulate a dramatic increase in total serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G 1 during infection, particularly during secondary exposure of immune mice (Crandall et al 1974). Although much of the IgG 1 is not specific, parasite-specific antibodies are also generated, and in immune-challenged animals these are host-protective.…”

“…Thus, the intensity and onset of the parasite-specific antibody response should show the following relationship across mouse strains of varying response phenotype: most intense and earliest in 'rapid' > 'fast' > 'intermediate' > 'slow' responders. We selected IgG 1 and IgA as the most likely isotypes to be involved (Crandall et al 1974, Molinari et al 1978, Mazanec et al 1993 and we also analysed the sera and mucosal extracts for evidence that response phenotype is linked to the ability to recognize and respond to particular subsets of excretory/secretory (E/S) antigens of H. polygyrus.…”

NEMATOSPIROIDES DUBIUS: SUSCEPTIBILITY TO INFECTION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANCE IN HYPOTHYMIC (NUDE) BALB/c MICE

“…Cell-injected nu/nu mice had higher levels of IgGs,, than the intact nu/+ animals and even the nu/nu mice injected with cortisone-resistant thymocytes at a ratio of 10:1 could produce despite having IgGi levels similar to those in infected nu/+ mice. The l responses of nu/+ mice are similar to those described in intact mice infected with N. dubins by Grandall., Crandall and Franco (1974) and Prowse et al (1978). Presumably, the inechanism(s) which control the levels of IgG| and IgG2,, are altered by an interaction between T cells and products from the parasite sueli that there is an extraordinary increase in the level of IgGi and reduced levels of IgG2,,.…”