Helicobacter pylori in Gambian children with chronic diarrhoea and malnutrition.

Sullivan, P B; Thomas, J. Earl; Wight, D. G. D.; Neale, G.; Eastham, E J; Corrah, Tumani; Lloyd-Evans, N.; Greenwood, Brian

doi:10.1136/adc.65.2.189

Cited by 189 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Thailand has little endemic cholera and our study detected only a single case of diarrhea due to Vibrio, precluding meaningful comparisons. Sullivan and others, 11 in a case control seroprevalence study of H. pylori infection in children with chronic diarrhea and malnutrition in the Gambia, found significantly increased risk (odds ratio ϭ 2.04, P Ͻ 0.01) of H. pylori seropositivity in cases relative to controls with malnutrition and to healthy age-matched controls. Gastric pH was not measured in this study, but it was postulated that H. pylori-induced hypochlorhydria might result in bacterial overgrowth of the upper intestine with associated small intestinal dysfunction.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 In a retrospective study from the Gambia, infants with chronic diarrhea and malnutrition were significantly more likely to have serologic evidence of H. pylori infection compared to agematched healthy controls and malnourished children without diarrhea. 11 Additionally, in a retrospective study from Bangladesh, the odds of H. pylori seropositivity among subjects with severe cholera were significantly higher than in agematched controls. 12 Prospective studies correlating the incidence of diarrhea with H. pylori infection have not been published.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prospective study of the incidence of diarrheal disease and Helicobacter pylori infection among children in an orphanage in Thailand.

Isenbarger

Bodhidatta²,

Hoge³

et al. 1998

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. To evaluate the hypothesis that gastric infection with Helicobacter pylori increases risk for diarrheal disease in children, we conducted a yearlong prospective study among 160 orphanage children Ͻ 5 years of age in Nonthaburi, Thailand. Serum samples collected at six-month intervals were examined by ELISA for antibodies to H. pylori, and children were followed daily for the development of diarrhea. Seven percent of children were seropositive on enrollment, 59% were seronegative, and 34% were indeterminate. Among the seronegative children, seroconversion occurred at a rate of 7% per six months. Forty-six percent of children developed 214 total episodes of diarrhea. By age group, children Ͻ 18 months, 18-24 months and Ͼ 24 months of age experienced 2.6, 1.1, and 0.2 mean diarrhea episodes per six months. The incidence of diarrhea was not significantly different between children by H. pylori serostatus. We conclude that H. pylori infection was not associated with an increased risk of diarrheal disease.In 1983, Warren and Marshall identified Helicobacter pylori in gastric biopsies from patients in Australia.1 This organism has subsequently been shown to play an important role in gastritis and peptic ulcer disease in industrialized and developing countries worldwide. 2,3 Acute infection is associated with hypochlorhydria, which persists for several months after exposure. [3][4][5] In addition, there is strong evidence that chronic H. pylori infection is associated with atrophic gastritis and gastric carcinoma. 3,6 Antibodies to H. pylori are more prevalent and are acquired at a younger age among people in developing countries than among people living in industrialized countries. 7,8 In a recent study in rural and urban communities in Thailand, Ͼ50% of children had serologic evidence of infection by eight years of age. 7 At an orphanage in Bangkok, Thailand, where enteric infections were hyperendemic, 74% of the children between one and four years of age were seropositive for H. pylori. 9 The high prevalence of H. pylori among children in developing countries and the association with hypochlorhydria have suggested that this infection may predispose to acute or persistent diarrheal disease. 10 In a retrospective study from the Gambia, infants with chronic diarrhea and malnutrition were significantly more likely to have serologic evidence of H. pylori infection compared to agematched healthy controls and malnourished children without diarrhea.11 Additionally, in a retrospective study from Bangladesh, the odds of H. pylori seropositivity among subjects with severe cholera were significantly higher than in agematched controls. 12 Prospective studies correlating the incidence of diarrhea with H. pylori infection have not been published. To determine if H. pylori infection increases the risk of diarrheal disease, we conducted a prospective study of the correlation between this infection and diarrheal disease in an orphanage in Nonthaburi, Thailand. MATERIALS AND METHODSThis study was conducted in the Pakkred Babi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospective study of the incidence of diarrheal disease and Helicobacter pylori infection among children in an orphanage in Thailand.

Isenbarger

Bodhidatta²,

Hoge³

et al. 1998

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…In different studies, the prevalence of H pylori is variable in children such that it has been reported to be 60% at age 4 years in Ethiopia [11] , 7.5% at age 2-18 years in Czech [12] , 44% at age 6 mo to 17 years in Turkey [13] , 8% at age 1-3 years in USA [14] , 50% at age 1-9 years and 80% at age 10-19 years in Libya [15] , 56% at age 1-14 years in Brazil [16] , 96% at age 1-14 years in Saudi Arbia [17] and 80% at age 1.5-5 years in Bangladesh [18] . Moreover, It has been reported that children in Gambia and Nigeria are almost all infected by H pylori at age of 5 years [19,20] . On the other hand, Heuberger et al [21] reported the prevalence of H pylori infection among adolescents between 15-16 years of age, living in Switzerland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specific serum immunoglobulin G to H pylori and CagA in healthy children and adults (south-east of Iran)

Jafarzadeh¹,

Rezayati²,

Nemati³

2007

WJG

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AIM:To evaluate the serologic IgG response to H pylori and CagA across age groups and in healthy children and adults. METHODS:Totally, 386 children aged 1-15 years and 200 adults aged 20-60 years, were enrolled to study. The serum samples of participant were tested for presence of anti-H pylori and anti-CagA IgG by using ELISA method. RESULTS:The seroprevalence of H pylori in adults was significantly higher than that observed in children (67.5% vs 46.6%; P < 0.000003). In children, the seropositivity rate in males (51.9%) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than that observed in females (41.7%). The prevalence of serum anti-CagA antibody was 72.8% and 67.4% in infected children and adults, respectively. The mean titer of serum anti-CagA antibodies was significantly higher among children in comparison to adults (64.1 Uarb/mL vs 30.7; P < 0.03). In infected children and adults the prevalence of serum anti-CagA antibody was higher in males compared to females (78.4% vs 66.3%; P = 0.07 and 75.6% vs 54.71%; P < 0.04, respectively). The age-specific prevalence of anti-H pylori and anti-CagA antibody (in infected subjects) was 37.6% and 59.57% at age 1-5 years, 46.9% and 75% at age 6-10 years, 54.9% and 79.45% at age 11-15, 59.01% and 83.33% at age 20-30 years, 66.6% and 60.52% at age 31-40 years, 73.46% and 63.88% at age 41-50 years and 75.75% and 60% at age 51-60 years with mean titer of anti-CagA antibody of 75.94, 63.32, 57.11, 52.06, 23.62, 21.52 and 21.80 Uarb/mL, respectively. There was significant difference between mean serum anti-CagA antibody in age subgroups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION:These results showed that anti-H pylori and anti-CagA antibodies were common in the children and adults. The H pylori -specific antibodies influenced by age and sex of subjects. Moreover, it seems that males are more susceptible to infection with CagA + strains compared to females. The seroprevalence of anti-CagA antibody was increased with age, up to 30 years and then decreased. It was also found that the magnitude of the IgG response to CagA decreased with advanced age.

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“…128,142 Estudo epidemiológico realizado por Klein et al, 63,64 em Lima, verificou que crianças que consomem água fornecida por rede municipal apresentam risco três vezes maior de contrair a infecção pelo H. pylori que aquelas cujas residências são supridas por fonte de água da comunidade. Observou-se também que crianças de família de alto poder aquisitivo que consomem água da rede pública apresentam 12 vezes mais infecção que as de igual poder aquisitivo que utilizam água de outra fonte para o consumo.…”

Section: Transmissão Por Via Oral-oralunclassified

“…Esses fatos têm sido subestimados pelas autoridades de saúde pública e por especialistas em doenças infecciosas. 128,129 A infecção pelo H. pylori é considerada a principal causa de gastrite crônica ativa. 4,60 Adicionalmente, estudos sugerem que esse agente desempenha importante papel na gênese da úlcera péptica.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Aspectos epidemiológicos do Helicobacter pylori na infância e adolescência

2002

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Descritores ResumoRealizou-se revisão da epidemiologia da infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori, com o objetivo de analisar sua importância na infância e adolescência no que se refere à incidência, à prevalência, às vias de transmissão e aos fatores de risco. Para tanto, realizou-se uma pesquisa nas bases de dados Lilacs (OPS/Bireme) e Medline (National Library of Medicine) e no banco de teses da Universidade de São Paulo dos anos de 1983 a 1999. A análise da literatura levou à conclusão de que a infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori é adquirida principalmente durante a infância, apresenta aumento da prevalência com a idade, os principais fatores de riscos estão relacionados ao baixo nível socioeconômico e o mecanismo de transmissão permanece desconhecido. AbstractThe scope of the review is to study the epidemiological aspects of Helicobacter pylori infection and its importance during childhood and adolescence, focusing on incidence, prevalence, transmission and risk factors. The study's references included the following databases: LILACS (PAHO/ Bireme), MEDLINE, the US's National Library of Medicine and the thesis developed at University of São Paulo for the period 1983 to 1999. It was noted that Helicobacter pylori infection is mainly acquired during childhood, age-related prevalence, main risk factors are associated to low socioeconomic status, and its transmission mechanism remains unclear.

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Helicobacter pylori in Gambian children with chronic diarrhoea and malnutrition.

Cited by 189 publications

References 13 publications

Prospective study of the incidence of diarrheal disease and Helicobacter pylori infection among children in an orphanage in Thailand.

Prospective study of the incidence of diarrheal disease and Helicobacter pylori infection among children in an orphanage in Thailand.

Specific serum immunoglobulin G to H pylori and CagA in healthy children and adults (south-east of Iran)

Aspectos epidemiológicos do Helicobacter pylori na infância e adolescência

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