Heights of Men and Women in 19th-Century Bavaria: Economic, Nutritional, and Disease Influences

Baten, Jörg; Murray, John E.

doi:10.1006/exeh.2000.0743

Cited by 132 publications

(75 citation statements)

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“…In many aspects, the results of the foregoing analysis agree with what Johnson and Nicholas (1997) and also Baten and Murray (2000) have found. Johnson and Nicholas came to the conclusion that women who were born in the English countryside between 1815 and approximately 1840 were, in general, taller than women originating from the English urban areas.…”

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confidence: 90%

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Physical stature and biological living standards of girls and young women in the Netherlands, born between 1815 and 1865

Beer

2010

The History of the Family

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This is the first study in Dutch anthropometric historiography that describes and analyzes the development of the biological standard of living of girls and young women from the perspective of female adult stature. It is shown that adult stature of women, imprisoned in the second half of the nineteenth century and born between 1815 and 1865, slightly increased, approximately 1 cm. From 1850 onwards stature of women born in the cities notably increased. Development of female adult stature was compared to that of male stature; both were quite similar. No circumstantial evidence was found that girls or young women were on a disadvantage with respect to nutrition and (medical) care.

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confidence: 90%

“…Therefore, compared with prisoners in Bavaria, England or Ireland, they were rather tall. They were between 0.5 and 0.7 cm taller than detainees in Bavaria and from 1.5 to 2.5 cm taller than detainees with an English or Irish background (Baten & Murray, 2000, fig. 6.11).…”

Section: Social and Anthropometric Characteristics Of Adult Detaineesmentioning

confidence: 95%

Physical stature and biological living standards of girls and young women in the Netherlands, born between 1815 and 1865

Beer

2010

The History of the Family

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“…We approach the biological well being of the American population in the 20 th century from the perspective afforded by anthropometric indicators in the hope of illuminating socio-economic processes that might otherwise elude even the informed observer (Baten 2000;Baten and Murray 2000;Komlos and Baten 1998;Mielcke 2000;Steckel 1995). We confine our analysis to physical stature and the body mass index 1 (bmi) in order to document a major transformation in the physical shape (morphology) of the American population in the 20 th century.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

From the tallest to (one of) the fattest: the enigmatic fate of the American population in the 20th century

Komlos

Baur

2004

Economics & Human Biology

239

123

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Within the course of the 20th century the American population went through a metamorphosis from being the tallest in the world, to being among the most overweight. The American height advantage over Western and Northern Europeans was between 3 and 9 cm in the middle of the 19 th century. Americans were also underweight. However, today, the exact opposite is the case as the Dutch, Swedes, and Norwegians are the tallest, and the Danes, British and Germans -even the East-Germans -are also taller, towering over the Americans by as much as 3-7 cm. Americans also live shorter. The hypothesis is worth considering that this adverse development is related to the greater social inequality, an inferior health-care system, and fewer social safety nets in the United States than in Western and NorthernEurope, in spite of higher per capita income. The West-and Northern European welfare states, with cradle to grave health and unemployment insurance currently provide a more propitious environment for the biological standard of living than its US counterpart.Word Count of Abstract: 168

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“…The fact that there is a correlation, if not a simple one, between male and female heights is now beyond dispute (Baten and Murray, 2000;Moradi and Guntupalli, 2014), which justifies our substituting one set for another when necessary. Objections to this strategy might be raised by those who accept the female-resiliency hypothesis, which holds that for biological reasons the average height of a given female population is more resistant to adverse conditions than is the average height of their male counterparts.…”

Section: Data Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

How Was Life?

Baten

Blum²

2014

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This work is published on the responsibility of the Secretary-General of the oecD. The opinions expressed and arguments employed herein do not necessarily reflect the official views of the organisation or of the governments of its member countries This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. The statistical data for israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant israeli authorities. The use of such data by the oecD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, east Jerusalem and israeli settlements in the West bank under the terms of international law. corrigenda to oecD publications may be found on line at: www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigenda.htm. © oecD, iiSH 2014You can copy, download or print oecD content for your own use, and you can include excerpts from oecD publications, databases and multimedia products in your own documents, presentations, blogs, websites and teaching materials, provided that suitable acknowledgment of the source and copyright owner is given. all requests for public or commercial use and translation rights should be submitted to rights@oecd.org. Requests for permission to photocopy portions of this material for public or commercial use shall be addressed directly to the copyright clearance center (ccc) at info@copyright.com or the centre français d'exploitation du droit de copie (cFc) at contact@cfcopies.com. We are very pleased today, more than a decade after the release of Maddison's seminal work, to renew our association with his legacy. We do so through a report that both connects with and departs from his contributions to economic history. It connects, due to the report's long-term, global perspective, covering the period 1820-2010. It departs by going beyond GDP to encompass a broader set of dimensions that shape people's living conditions, such as their wages, longevity, education, height and personal security, among others.The present volume represents the culmination of the efforts undertaken by a group of economic historians as part of an international, inter-disciplinary effort, the Clio-Infra project. We are releasing it in the context of the better life initiative, which was launched by the OECD Secretary-General, Angel Gurría, in 2011 (and multi-disciplinary) as angus Maddison has demonstrated in the past, such global datasets can be produced only after major efforts in peer-reviewed research and standardisation of the underlying national data. Therefore a collaborative effort is needed to deal with the complexities involved in gathering, systematising and analysing data from a wide variety of disparate sources. This requires teamwork, in which experts on various topics, regions and periods work together to create standardised datasets of key historical variables. This is the approach adopted by both The Maddison Project, which focuses on h...

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Heights of Men and Women in 19th-Century Bavaria: Economic, Nutritional, and Disease Influences

Cited by 132 publications

References 9 publications

Physical stature and biological living standards of girls and young women in the Netherlands, born between 1815 and 1865

Physical stature and biological living standards of girls and young women in the Netherlands, born between 1815 and 1865

From the tallest to (one of) the fattest: the enigmatic fate of the American population in the 20th century

How Was Life?

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