Height‐integrated Joule and auroral particle heating in the night side high latitude thermosphere

Baker, J. B.; Zhang, Yongliang; Greenwald, R. A.; Paxton, L. J.; Morrison, D.

doi:10.1029/2004gl019535

Cited by 29 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(22 reference statements)

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“…Furthermore, within discrete aurora arcs the electric conductance has been reported to be anticorrelated with the electric fields [ de la Beaujardière and Vondrak , 1982; Marklund , 1984; Mallinckrodt and Carlson , 1985]. The Joule heating estimation from the simultaneous observations of the electric field and conductance from SuperDARN and the GUVI UVI have also suggested the effect of anticorrelating electric field and conductance [ Baker et al , 2004]. On the other hand, the Joule heating estimated from simultaneous observations of the Low Altitude Plasma Instrument electron flux and the IDM/RPA plasma drifts was affected very little by the positive/negative correlation of the electric field and conductance on average (Barbara A. Emery private communication, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high‐latitude ionospheric electric field variability on global thermospheric Joule heating and mechanical energy transfer rate

2008

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[1] Effects of high-latitude ionospheric electric field variability on the Joule heating and mechanical energy transfer rate are investigated by incorporating realistic spatial and temporal characteristics of electric field variability derived from observations into the forcing of a thermosphere ionosphere electrodynamic general circulation model. First, the characteristics of subgrid-scale variability are examined from a spectral analysis of Dynamic Explorer-2 (DE-2) plasma drift measurements. The analysis reveals that the subgrid-scale electric field varies with magnetic latitude, magnetic local time, interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and season in a manner distinct from that of the resolved-scale electric field and of the climatological electric field. The subgrid-scale electric field varies strongly with season, and its magnitude averaged over the polar region does not depend on IMF. On the other hand, the resolved-scale electric field depends less on season but more on IMF. Second, the spatial-temporal structure of resolved-scale electric fields are characterized from various electromagnetic observations taken during the storm period of January 10-11, 1997, using a space-time covariance model derived from the DE-2 observations. Finally, the modeling results show that the amount of Joule heating and mechanical energy transfer rate in the thermosphere is significantly altered by taking into account the electric field variability and its space-time structure. Additional electromagnetic energy due to the electric field variability dissipates in the ionosphere almost exclusively as Joule heating if the variability has no spatial and temporal correlation. However, the spatially and temporally correlated electric field variability has seasonally dependent effects on the mechanical energy transfer rate.Citation: Matsuo, T., and A. D. Richmond (2008), Effects of high-latitude ionospheric electric field variability on global thermospheric Joule heating and mechanical energy transfer rate,

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of high‐latitude ionospheric electric field variability on global thermospheric Joule heating and mechanical energy transfer rate

2008

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“…If this Poynting flux is mapped onto the ionosphere, it reaches ∼100 mW/m 2 . This amount is sufficient to illuminate auroral emissions since the precipitating electron flux required for discrete auroral emissions is several tens of mW/m 2 at the ionospheric altitude [ Stenbaek‐Nielsen et al , 1998; Baker et al , 2004].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Large‐amplitude wave electric field in the inner magnetosphere during substorms

et al. 2008

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[1] CRRES electric field data during substorms have been analyzed to investigate intense electric fields in the inner magnetosphere associated with dipolarizations. Substorm injections during 13:00-15:00 UT on 7 March 1991 exhibit many large-scale electric fields and short-duration electric field spikes. Large-scale electric fields with durations of $1 min are identified as spatial structures associated with the region 1 field-aligned currents. Amplitudes of electric fields reach 30 mV/m with a high correlation with variations of the magnetic field, and the Poynting fluxes are directed toward the ionosphere with magnitudes of more than 0.5 mW/m 2 . 16-Hz high-resolution data show intense electric field spikes with amplitudes of $100 mV/m with durations of $1 s. Most of the spikes are electromagnetic with Poynting fluxes of $0.1 mW/m 2 directed toward the ionosphere. The electric field spikes are identified as right-handed whistler waves with a size of $1000 km with frequencies just below the ion cyclotron frequency. A nearly simultaneous measurement by the DMSP-F9 satellite shows intense plasma flows with durations of 1 s and inverted-V electron precipitation. An estimation of the wave and particle energy fluxes shows that about half of the Poynting flux of the electric field spikes is consumed accelerating auroral particles, and 1% of the Poynting flux drives the fast plasma flows at the ionosphere. It is suggested that the electromagnetic spikes provide sufficient energy for auroral particle acceleration.

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“…Their results are in good agreement with those of Foster et al [1983] and Ahn et al [1983] but larger than Palmroth et al [2004] simulation values. Baker et al [2004] found that Joule heating dominates in the evening sector auroral oval and also in the vicinity of the region‐1 current based on SuperDARN measurements and TIMED spacecraft Global Ultraviolet Imager (GUVI) auroral images.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global patterns of Joule heating in the high‐latitude ionosphere

et al. 2005

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[1] A compiled empirical global Joule heating (CEJH) model is described in this study. This model can be used to study Joule heating patterns, Joule heating power, potential drop, and polar potential size in the high-latitude ionosphere and thermosphere, and their variations with solar wind conditions, geomagnetic activities, the solar EUV radiation, and the neutral wind. It is shown that the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) orientation and its magnitude, the solar wind speed, AL index, geomagnetic K p index, and solar radio flux F 10.7 index are important parameters that control Joule heating patterns, Joule heating power, potential drop, and polar potential size. Other parameters, such as the solar wind number density (N sw ) and Earth's dipole tilt, do not significantly affect these quantities. It is also shown that the neutral wind can increase or reduce the Joule heating production, and its effectiveness mainly depends on the IMF orientation and its magnitude, the solar wind speed, AL index, K p index, and F 10.7 index. Our results indicate that for less disturbed solar wind conditions, the increase or reduction of the neutral wind contribution to the Joule heating is not significant compared to the convection Joule heating, whereas under extreme solar wind conditions, the neutral wind can significantly contribute to the Joule heating. Application of the CEJH model to the 16 July 2000 storm implies that the model outputs are basically consistent with the results from the AMIE mapping procedure. The CEJH model can be used to examine large-scale energy deposition during disturbed solar wind conditions and to study the dependence of the hemispheric Joule heating on the level of geomagnetic activities and the intensity of solar EUV radiation. This investigation enables us to predict global Joule heating patterns for other models in the high-latitude ionosphere and thermosphere in the sense of space weather forecasting.

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Height‐integrated Joule and auroral particle heating in the night side high latitude thermosphere

Cited by 29 publications

References 14 publications

Effects of high‐latitude ionospheric electric field variability on global thermospheric Joule heating and mechanical energy transfer rate

Effects of high‐latitude ionospheric electric field variability on global thermospheric Joule heating and mechanical energy transfer rate

Large‐amplitude wave electric field in the inner magnetosphere during substorms

Global patterns of Joule heating in the high‐latitude ionosphere

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