Hegemonic Masculinity/Masculinities in South Africa

Morrell, Robert; Jewkes, Rachel; Lindegger, Graham

doi:10.1177/1097184x12438001

Cited by 375 publications

(253 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This violence was underpinned by notions of male superiority through intrinsically patriarchal values. One response among those most on the receiving end of apartheid violence, was the creation of more violent masculinities predicated on toughness, superiority, and sexual entitlement [15]. In contradistinction are models of respectable femininity that encourage subservience [5,16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and patterns of victimization and polyvictimization among female sex workers in Soweto, a South African township: a cross-sectional, respondent-driven sampling study

Coetzee

Gray

Jewkes

2017

Global Health Action

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Background: Female sex workers (FSWs) are disproportionately affected by violence from multiple partner categories. This increases their vulnerability to HIV. Objectives: To describe patterns of violence and polyvictimization among female SWs in Soweto. Methods: A respondent-driven sampling (RDS) recruitment methodology was used to enrol 508 Soweto-based FSWs using a survey instrument. Raw and RDS adjusted data were descriptively analysed, Spearman’s correlation and chi2 test of association were used to show associations. Polyvictimization patterns are shown within a modified Venn diagram. Results: The median age of FSWs in Soweto was 31 years, and most had an incomplete education (74.2%). The prevalence of exposure to physical/sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) in the past year was 53.8%, 46.8% by clients, and 18.5% by police. Past year prevalence of sexual/physical violence by any perpetrator category was 70.8% and lifetime exposure was 76.0%. Childhood sexual violence was reported by 44.3%. Lifetime non-partner rape was 55.5% and all rape exposure was 62.4%. As a result of engaging in sex work in the past year, 65.2% women had been discriminated against. Client, police, IPV, and childhood trauma were all significantly associated with one another, with IPV being the most common co-occurrence. Polyvictimization was seen in almost two-thirds of FSWs, and increased with exposure to discrimination. Conclusion: In Soweto, FSWs are exposed to high rates of violence in multiple forms across their lifetime. Our findings show that violence continues unabated into adulthood at levels far higher than in the general population and overall at higher levels than previously recorded among SWs in South Africa. We argue that violence against FSWs is rooted in discrimination. The disparate burden of violence on FSWs requires urgent interventions to proactively address and reframe the normalisation of violence against all women.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and patterns of victimization and polyvictimization among female sex workers in Soweto, a South African township: a cross-sectional, respondent-driven sampling study

Coetzee

Gray

Jewkes

2017

Global Health Action

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“…Our spatial sensitivity builds on existing masculinities research in South Africa which examines context-specific changing and entrenched masculine identities in relation to wider socio-cultural and economic intersections (Meth, 2009;Enderstein & Boonzaier, 2015;Morrell & Swart, 2005;Morrell et al, 2012;Ratele, 2014). This body of work draws on the prominent theorisation of masculinities as relational by Connell (2005) with the identification of 'hegemonic masculinity' as that occupying the dominant position in contrast to marginal masculinities, among others.…”

Section: Masculinity and Socio-spatial Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Men’s experiences of state sponsored housing in South Africa: emerging issues and key questions

Meth

Charlton

2016

Housing Studies

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In South African cities, millions of men and women living informally are being rehoused through the state-directed provision of formal houses to poor beneficiaries. This intervention is reshaping their lives, and innovatively targets beneficiaries with dependents, where over half are women. Aiming to redress the historical context of gendered inequality in housing ownership and house the very poor, these policy and implementation changes necessarily impact on men in terms of their power, resources and employment but in complex ways including positive and negative. The home remains significant for many men's desires for authority and identity. Using the lens of masculinity, this paper considers the ways in which men are experiencing this housing intervention, revealing a complex mix of outcomes in terms of their sense of identity, their relationships and their financial pressures and income generation. It draws on empirical work in South Africa to illuminate the importance of focusing on men in relation to housing and offers key questions for future research.

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“…As a result of the way in which typical behaviours for men and women are constructed, men are often placed in charge of sexual relations (Peng, 2007). Due to patriarchal ideologies entrenched in South African culture, a dominant discourse of hegemonic masculinity is particularly prevalent (Morrell, Jewkes, & Lindegger, 2012). Men are constructed as having a high sex drive, dominating the sexual interaction, always being available for, and needing, sex, and having physical urges that are out of their control (Schneider, Cockcroft, & Hook, 2008).…”

Section: Social Constructions Around Paying For Sexmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond the Tease: Exploring Men’s Constructions of Paying for Sex in South Africa

Wepener¹,

Learmonth²,

McLeod³

et al. 2013

JPR

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Sex work in South Africa is poorly understood. Sex work and paying for sex are still considered illegal in South Africa. Research focus thus far has been on sex workers and their experiences. There exists a paucity of research literature on the perceptions of the client. This research focused on how South African men construct paying for sex.Semi-structured interviews were conducted to explore male clients' experiences of paying for sex. Through thematic analysis various themes emerged. Three main themes were identified: justifications, motivations, and deterrents. Our findings offer insight into South African heterosexual male clients' constructions of paying for sex.By gaining insight into the clients' constructed perceptions of paying for sex, we begin to understand the demand factor in sex work. Further research into the demand of male clients may deepen our understanding of the nature and consequences of sex work. This has the potential to impact legislation around sex work and aid in their construction of aspects of gender and sexuality.

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Hegemonic Masculinity/Masculinities in South Africa

Cited by 375 publications

References 31 publications

Prevalence and patterns of victimization and polyvictimization among female sex workers in Soweto, a South African township: a cross-sectional, respondent-driven sampling study

Prevalence and patterns of victimization and polyvictimization among female sex workers in Soweto, a South African township: a cross-sectional, respondent-driven sampling study

Men’s experiences of state sponsored housing in South Africa: emerging issues and key questions

Beyond the Tease: Exploring Men’s Constructions of Paying for Sex in South Africa

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