Heavy smokers show abnormal microstructural integrity in the anterior corpus callosum: A diffusion tensor imaging study with tract-based spatial statistics

Lin, Fei; Wu, Guangyao; Zhu, Ling; Lei, Hao

doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.09.013

Cited by 70 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…While increased FA values within the corpus callosum and other tracts have been reported in some studies of adult smokers (Paul et al, 2008; Hudkins et al, 2012), decreased FA values are more commonly reported in the same regions (Lin et al, 2013; Savjani et al, 2014; Umene-Nakano et al, 2014; Viswanath et al, 2015). Taken together, this suggests that the relationship between FA values and tobacco use may differ between early versus middle adulthood, although other possibilities (acute versus chronic effects of smoking, cohort effects) cannot be excluded.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

White matter development and tobacco smoking in young adults: A systematic review with recommendations for future research

Gogliettino

Potenza

Yip

2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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Background Adolescence and young adulthood are critical vulnerability periods for initiation of tobacco smoking. White matter development is ongoing during this time and may be influenced by exposure to nicotine. Synthesis of findings from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies of adolescent and young adult smokers may be helpful in understanding the relationship between neurodevelopment and initiation and progression of tobacco-use behaviors and in guiding further research. Methods A systematic literature review was conducted to identify DTI studies comparing adolescent and young adult (mean age <30 years) smokers versus nonsmokers. A total of 5 studies meeting inclusion criteria were identified. Primary study findings are reviewed and discussed within the context of neurodevelopment and in relation to findings from adult studies. Directions for further research are also discussed. Results All identified studies reported increases in fractional anisotropy (FA) among adolescent/young adult smokers in comparison to non-smokers. Increased FA was most frequently reported in regions of the corpus callosum (genu, body and spenium), internal capsule and superior longitudinal fasciculus. Conclusions Findings of increased FA among adolescent/young adult smokers are contrary to those from most adult studies and thus raise the possibility of differential effects of nicotine on white matter across the lifespan. Further research including multiple time points is needed to test this hypothesis. Other areas warranting further research include DTI studies of e-cigarette use and studies incorporating measures of pubertal stage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

White matter development and tobacco smoking in young adults: A systematic review with recommendations for future research

Gogliettino

Potenza

Yip

2016

Drug and Alcohol Dependence

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“…Some recent studies have hypothesized on the neurotropic and promyelinating effects of smoking and have found higher FA in brain regions such as the prefrontal WM, cingulum, and corpus callosum in smokers compared with nonsmokers (9,24). Yet, another study on heavy smokers reported decreased FA in the anterior corpus callosum (25). The variable degrees of addiction of smoking in the participants might be one important factor in these contradictory research findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Influence of cigarette smoking on white matter in patients with clinically isolated syndrome as detected by diffusion tensor imaging

Durhan¹,

Diker²,

Has³

et al. 2016

Diagn Interv Radiol

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C linically isolated syndrome (CIS), an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system, is the first clinical episode with features predictive of multiple sclerosis (MS) (1). Many environmental risk factors for conversion from CIS to MS were shown in recent studies (1,2). Among these, cigarette smoking was shown to increase the risk of developing MS even in passive smokers (3), worsen clinical disability, and exacerbate disease progression (4) .Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) gives the opportunity to evaluate the tissue integrity, mainly the white matter (WM). Through changes in metrics such as fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD), DTI enables the assessment of axonal organization and myelin attenuation in addition to the WM lesions evaluated by conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences (5). The brains of MS patients have demonstrated that an increase in MD and a decrease in FA values were far beyond fluid attenuation inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintense lesions, commonly used as a clinical parameter of MS (6, 7). Brain parenchyma with no apparent lesion, namely, the normal-appearing white matter (NAWM), has drawn much attention due to the presence of not only histopathologic and radiologic abnormalities but also a close association with clinical disability and disease progression (8). Changes in the NAWM may also be responsible for the clinicoradiologic discrepancy observed in many patients (6). In addition, several MRI studies have shown significantly altered FA measures in specific brain regions in healthy smoker individuals (9, 10). Although a number of studies have investigated the impact of smoking on patients with MS (4,11), to the best of our knowledge, no study has studied the influence of smoking on the WM in patients with CIS using DTI.In this study we sought to determine the effects of smoking on NAWM, lesions, and perilesional WM of patients with CIS. The secondary objective was to examine whether diffu- PURPOSECigarette smoking has been associated with increased occurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as clinical disability and disease progression in MS. We aimed to assess the effects of smoking on the white matter (WM) in patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) using diffusion tensor imaging. METHODSSmoker patients with CIS (n=16), smoker healthy controls (n=13), nonsmoker patients with CIS (n=17) and nonsmoker healthy controls (n=14) were included. Thirteen regions-of-interest including nonenhancing T1 hypointense lesion and perilesional WM, and 11 normal-appearing white matter (NAWM) regions were drawn on color-coded fractional anisotropy (FA) maps. Lesion load was determined in terms of number and volume of WM hyperintensities. RESULTSA tendency towards greater lesion load was found in smoker patients. T1 hypointense lesions and perilesional WM had reduced FA and increased mean diffusivity to a similar degree in smoker and nonsmoker CIS patients. Compared with healthy smokers, smoker CIS patients had more extensive NAWM changes...

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“…smokers show atypical white matter in the corpus callosum (Lin et al 2013), while prenatal tobacco smoke exposure disturbs white matter maturation in adolescence (Liu et al 2011). however, there is still a lack of studies evaluating the effects of eTs exposure during the critical brain myelination period and its long-term consequences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental tobacco smoke in the early postnatal period induces impairment in brain myelination

et al. 2014

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Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is associated with high morbidity and mortality, mainly in children. However, few studies focus on the brain development effects of ETS exposure. Myelination mainly occurs in the early years of life in humans and the first three postnatal weeks in rodents and is sensitive to xenobiotics exposure. This study investigated the effects of early postnatal ETS exposure on myelination. BALB/c mice were exposed to ETS generated from 3R4F reference research cigarettes from the third to the fourteenth days of life. The myelination of nerve fibers in the optic nerve by morphometric analysis and the levels of Olig1 and myelin basic protein (MBP) were evaluated in the cerebellum, diencephalon, telencephalon, and brainstem in infancy, adolescence, and adulthood. Infant mice exposed to ETS showed a decrease in the percentage of myelinated fibers in the optic nerve, compared with controls. ETS induced a decrease in Olig1 protein levels in the cerebellum and brainstem and an increase in MBP levels in the cerebellum at infant. It was also found a decrease in MBP levels in the telencephalon and brainstem at adolescence and in the cerebellum and diencephalon at adulthood. The present study demonstrates that exposure to ETS, in a critical phase of development, affects the percentage of myelinated fibers and myelin-specific proteins in infant mice. Although we did not observe differences in the morphological analysis in adolescence and adulthood, there was a decrease in MBP levels in distinctive brain regions suggesting a delayed effect in adolescence and adulthood.

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Heavy smokers show abnormal microstructural integrity in the anterior corpus callosum: A diffusion tensor imaging study with tract-based spatial statistics

Cited by 70 publications

References 46 publications

White matter development and tobacco smoking in young adults: A systematic review with recommendations for future research

White matter development and tobacco smoking in young adults: A systematic review with recommendations for future research

Influence of cigarette smoking on white matter in patients with clinically isolated syndrome as detected by diffusion tensor imaging

Environmental tobacco smoke in the early postnatal period induces impairment in brain myelination

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