Heavy metals, PCDD/F and PCB in sewage sludge samples from two wastewater treatment facilities in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Pereira, Márcia de Souza; Kuch, Bertram

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.01.079

Cited by 70 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…As compared with heavy metal levels reported in literature for sludge collected from various WWTPs, our results (Table 1) are in good agreement with those found for Kavala by other authors [25,33], are comparable with findings for Kalamata [22], Komotini [23] and Crete [21] in Greece, for Spain [18,28,38], Poland [13,27] and Brasil [34,37], and are much lower than the values obtained for Greece at the largest WWTPs of Athens (Psyttalia and Metamorphosi) [33] and Thessaloniki [4], and also for China [35,36] and Thailand [7], probably due to the fact that the WWTPs in this study only receive domestic wastewater, while industrial wastes processed in other stations usually contain higher levels of heavy metals than residential wastes [39].…”

Section: Metal Levels In Greek Wwtps Sludgesupporting

confidence: 82%

“…The concentrations of heavy metals in sludge form the following descending series: Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr>Ni>Cd>Hg and, overall, this distribution pattern was similar with that found by other investigators for sludge produced in various WWTPs from different countries/regions: China [16,35,36], Rio de Janeiro, Brasil [37], Salamanca, Spain [38], and Thessaloniki, Greece [4].…”

Section: Metal Levels In Greek Wwtps Sludgesupporting

confidence: 57%

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Temporal variability of sewage sludge heavy metal content from Greek wastewater treatment plants

Spanos

Ene

Patronidou

et al. 2016

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

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Abstract:The aim of this study was to evaluate the temporal variations of selected heavy metals level in anaerobic fermented and dewatered sewage sludge. Sewage sludge samples were collected in different seasons and years from three municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) located in Northern Greece, in Kavala (Kavala and Palio localities) and Drama (Drama locality) Prefectures. An investigation of the potential of sludge utilization in agriculture was performed, based on the comparison of average total heavy metal concentrations and of chromium species (hexavalent, trivalent) concentrations with the allowed values according to the Council Directive 86/278/EEC and Greek national legislation (Joint Cabinet Decision 80568/4225/91) guidelines. In this regard, all the investigated heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Hg) and chromium species Cr(VI) and Cr(III) have average concentrations (dry matter weight) well below the legislated thresholds for soil application, as following: 2.12 mg kg -1 Cd; 103.7 mg kg -1 Cr; 136.4 mg kg -1 Cu; < 0.2 mg kg -1 Hg; 29.1 mg kg -1 Ni; 62.0 mg kg -1 Pb; 1253.2 mg kg -1 Zn; 1.56 mg kg -1 Cr(VI) and 115.7 mg kg -1 Cr(III). Values of relative standard deviation (RSD) indicate a low or moderate temporal variability for domestic-related metals Zn (10.3-14.7%), Pb (27.9-44.5%) and Cu (33.5-34.2%), and high variability for the metals of mixed origin or predominantly resulted from commercial activities, such as Ni (42.4-50.7%), Cd (44.3-85.5%) and Cr (58.2-102.0%). For some elements the seasonal occurrence pattern is the same for Kavala and Palio sludge, as following: a) Cd and Cr: spring>summer>winter; b) Cu, Ni and Pb: winter>spring>summer. On average, in summer months (dry season) metal concentrations are lower than in spring and winter (wet seasons), with the exception of Zn. For Kavala and Palio the results demonstrate that the increased number of inhabitants (almost doubled) in summer time due to tourism does not influence the metal levels in sludge. Comparing the results obtained for similar spring-summerwinter sequences in 2007 and 2010/11 and for the spring season in 2007, 2008 and 2010, it can be noticed that, in general, the average heavy metal contents show an increasing tendency towards the last year. In all the measurement periods, the Palio sludge had the highest metal contents and Kavala sludge the lowest, leading to the conclusion that the WWTP operating process rather than population has a significant effect upon the heavy metal content of sludge. Cr(VI)/Cr(total) concentration ratios are higher for Kavala sludge in the majority of sampling campaigns, followed by Drama and Palio sludge. The metals which present moderate to strong positive correlation have common origin, which could be a domestic-commercial mixed source.

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Section: Metal Levels In Greek Wwtps Sludgesupporting

confidence: 82%

Section: Metal Levels In Greek Wwtps Sludgesupporting

confidence: 57%

Temporal variability of sewage sludge heavy metal content from Greek wastewater treatment plants

Spanos

Ene

Patronidou

et al. 2016

Ecological Chemistry and Engineering S

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Blanchard et al (2004) performed a study in Paris, France, and found that the sum of the seven indicator PCB concentrations in the sewage sludge from that area did not exceed the approved limit, and that the mean concentration was 0.62 mg/kg DM. Similar results have been found in Germany (de Souza Pereira and Kuch, 2005), whereas PCB concentrations almost 100 times higher have been found in sewage sludge in Brazil (de Souza Pereira and Kuch, 2005). Many researches confirm the presence of PCBs in sewage sludge and organic waste, which should be utilized (Blanchard et al, 2004;Brändli et al, 2007;Siebielska 2008).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Polychlorinated biphenyl concentration changes in sewage sludge and organic municipal waste mixtures during composting and anaerobic digestion

Siebielska

Sidełko

2015

Chemosphere

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“…The ratio of TEQ PCDD /TEQ PCDF ranged from 0.005 to 11.93 and was generally greater than 1 for the 16 wastewater treatment plants (domestic+industrial), in agreement with a previous study (de Souza Pereira and Kuch 2005). However, 12 out of the 27 industrial sludge samples had TEQ PCDD / TEQ PCDF that was less than 1, indicating that industrial samples contained more furans than dioxins.…”

Section: Pcdd/f Homolog Concentrationssupporting

confidence: 89%

Occurrence and distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in industrial and domestic sewage sludge

Balasubramani

Rifai

2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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Sewage sludge samples collected from 43 different domestic and industrial wastewater treatment plants and petrochemical industries that discharge to the Houston Ship Channel (HSC) were analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), which are highly toxic and carcinogenic towards humans and animals. The measured total PCDD/F toxic equivalency (TEQ) ranged between 0.73 and 7348.40 pg/g dry weight. The mean TEQ of PCDD/Fs in industrial sludge was approximately 40 times higher than that in sewage sludge. The PCDD homolog concentrations in the industrial samples were higher than those observed at the wastewater treatment plants by a factor of 10, with total heptachlorodibenzodioxin (HpCDD) exhibiting the maximum concentration in most of the samples. Among the PCDF homologs, total heptadichlorodibenzofuran (HpCDF) dominated the total homolog concentration in sludge from the wastewater treatment plants, whereas total tetradichlorodibenzofuran (TeCDF) dominated the industrial sludge samples. Overall, the total PCDD/F TEQ in sludge samples was much higher than that in effluent samples from the same facility. A linear correlation (R (2) = 0.62, p value < 0.068) was found indicating that sludge sampling can be used as a surrogate for effluent concentrations in wastewater treatment plants but not for industrial discharges.

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Heavy metals, PCDD/F and PCB in sewage sludge samples from two wastewater treatment facilities in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil

Cited by 70 publications

References 14 publications

Temporal variability of sewage sludge heavy metal content from Greek wastewater treatment plants

Temporal variability of sewage sludge heavy metal content from Greek wastewater treatment plants

Polychlorinated biphenyl concentration changes in sewage sludge and organic municipal waste mixtures during composting and anaerobic digestion

Occurrence and distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) in industrial and domestic sewage sludge

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