Heavy metals in sediments, soils, and aquatic plants from a secondary anabranch of the three gorges reservoir region, China

Gao, Jianhong; Sun, Xiu-Qian; Jiang, Wenchao; Wei, Yunmei; Guo, Jinsong; Liu, Yuanyuan; Zhang, Ke

doi:10.1007/s11356-016-6587-3

Cited by 18 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In general, in most of the studies presented, the range of nickel content in aquatic plants is similar to that recorded in this study and reaches a maximum threshold at 24.67 mgNi•kg −1 [32,33,[37][38][39]41,43,45,46,49,51,52,54].…”

Section: Nickelsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Cadmium bioaccumulation factor with respect to sediment (BCF B = 0.0209-41.07) was lower than with respect to water (BCF W = 5.35-18,155.50) (Table 5). In studies on the Strzegomka, Nysa Szalona and Bystrzyca Rivers conducted in previous years, the cadmium content in plants was similar to the results obtained in this study, with levels reaching a maximum of 8.80 mgCd•kg −1 [2,4,5,16,31,32,35,[37][38][39][40][41][42][43][45][46][47][48][49]51,52]. This indicates a persistently stable level of cadmium in the environment and relatively unchanged water chemistry conditions.…”

Section: Cadmiumsupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Studies conducted in other parts of Poland and the world in moderately polluted areas show that although copper levels in plants were quite variable, they were similar to those recorded for the studied rivers [5,36,38,[41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51].…”

Section: Cusupporting

confidence: 68%

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Possibility of Metal Accumulation in Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) in the Aquatic Environment of South-Western Polish Rivers

Senze

Kowalska‐Góralska

Czyż

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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A four-year research study was conducted on aquatic plants (reed canary grass) growing in the beds of three rivers and their tributaries in Lower Silesia, Poland. Metal contents (Cu, Cd, Ni, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn) were determined in plant samples, metal accumulation in water (BCFw) and sediment (BCFB), Metal Pollution Index (MPI) and Enrichment Factor (EF) were calculated. The highest contents of copper, lead, nickel and cadmium were found in reed canary grass sampled from the Nysa Szalona River. The highest values were recorded for zinc in the Bystrzyca River, and for iron and manganese in the Strzegomka River. The series of metals were as follows: Nysa Szalona and Strzegomka: Cd < Ni < Pb < Cu < Zn < Mn < Fe, Bystrzyca: Cd < Ni < Cu < Pb < Zn < Mn < Fe. Throughout the study period, the lowest values of metals in plants were recorded in 2015 and 2018, and the highest in 2017. The general picture of MPI in aquatic plants is arranged in the series Bystrzyca < Strzegomka < Nysa Szalona. These values classify the studied material at a high level of pollution in all rivers. In the comparison of the two extreme sites, i.e., source–mouth, higher values were found at the mouth of the reservoir, which suggests that metals move with the water current and accumulate more with the direction of the river flow, which is most likely a consequence of the influence of the catchment area as the source of metals. The series of EF enrichment factor values were as follows: Bystrzyca—Ni < Cd < Fe < Cu < Zn < Mn < Pb, Nysa Szalona—Ni < Fe < Zn < Cd < Mn < Cu < Pb, Strzegomka—Ni < Cd < Fe < Zn < Cu < Pb < Mn. For all the samples studied, the values found in spring were much higher than in autumn, which indicates the great importance for research in that area. The levels of copper and iron were within the range of moderate values, lead and manganese reached very high and exceptionally high values, and the remaining metals were within the values described as significant. Bioaccumulation of metals determined relative to bottom sediments was highest in 2017 and lowest in 2018, while bioaccumulation relative to water was highest in 2018 and lowest in 2016. The four-year study found that the metal content in reed canary grass was mostly within the range of mean values presented in the literature from moderately polluted areas. Also, no significant deviation was found from levels that have been recorded for the same rivers for more than two decades.

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Section: Nickelsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Cadmiumsupporting

confidence: 86%

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Possibility of Metal Accumulation in Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) in the Aquatic Environment of South-Western Polish Rivers

Senze

Kowalska‐Góralska

Czyż

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Based on the Pb isotope composition, Bing et al [22] concluded that Pb in the sediments of TGR mainly originated from industrial discharge, domestic sewage, mining, smelting, and the shipping industry. However, Cd is an identification element of agricultural activities, i.e., the application of pesticides and fertilizers [25,46]. Liu et al [47] stated that Cd is found predominantly in phosphate fertilizers as an impurity of phosphate rocks; and the amount of pesticides and fertilizers used in the TGR were 601.8 tons of 135,000 tons, respectively, in 2015 [13].…”

Section: Source Identificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Potential Risk of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir: The Relationship to Environmental Variables

Huang

Fang

et al. 2018

Water

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In this study, surface sediment samples were taken from the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR) in June 2015 to estimate the spatial distribution and potential risk of Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, and Ni (34 sites from the mainstream and 9 sites from the major tributaries), and correlations with environmental variables were analyzed (e.g., median sediment size, water depth, turbidity, dissolved oxygen of the bottom water samples, and total organic carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus of the surface sediment samples). Results show that the heavy metal concentrations in the sediments have increased over the last few decades, especially for Cd and Pb; and the sites in the downstream area, e.g., Badong (BD) and Wushan (WS), have had greater increments of heavy metal concentrations. The sampling sites from S6 to S12-WS are identified as hot spots for heavy metal distribution and have relatively high heavy metal concentrations, and there are also high values for the sites affected by urban cities (e.g., the concentrations of Zn, Cd, Cr and Ni for the site S12-WS). Overall, the heavy metal concentrations increased slightly along the mainstream due to pollutants discharged along the Yangtze River and sediment sorting in the reservoir, and the values in the mainstream were greater than those in the tributaries. Meanwhile, the heavy metal concentrations were generally positively correlated with water depth (especially for Ni), while negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen, turbidity, and median sediment size. These environmental variables have a great impact on the partition of heavy metals between the sediment and overlying water. According to the risk assessment, the heavy metals in the surface sediments of TGR give a low to moderate level of pollution.

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“…The contamination of heavy metals in rivers or lakes has drawn increasing attention [ 1 ], as heavy metals have characteristics of potential toxicity, persistence, and non-biodegradation which pose potential risks on aquatic ecosystems and human health [ 2 , 3 , 4 ]. In an aquatic ecosystem, sediment is an important component, acting as a major sink for heavy metals due to their great tendency of adsorbing onto solid phases [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contamination and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Lake Bed Sediment of a Large Lake Scenic Area in China

Wan

2016

IJERPH

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The exposure of heavy metals to lake bed sediment of scenic areas may pose risks on aquatic ecosystems and human health, however very few studies on risk assessment have been reported for scenic areas. Accordingly, this study determined concentration levels, and assessed contamination characteristics and risks, of heavy metals in lake bed sediment of National Scenic Areas Songhuahu (NSAS) in China. The concentrations of Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Cu were determined in 29 bed sediment samples. Results showed that the mean values of Zn, Cr, Pb, Ni, and Cu were 92.69, 90.73, 38.29, 46.77, and 49.44 mg/kg, respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients indicated that organic matter was a major factor influencing distribution of heavy metals. The results for enrichment factors indicated that contamination rates and anthropogenic inputs of single heavy metals decreased in the order Cu > Ni > Pb > Cr > Zn; results of Nemerow integrated pollution index suggested that 72.41% of sampling sites were exposed to low to moderately integrated pollution, and 27.59% of sampling sites were exposed to strongly integrated pollution. According to results for potential ecological risk index, ecological risks of single and all the heavy metals in bed sediment from all the sampling sites were low. Human risks were assessed with hazardous quotients, and the results suggested that exposure of heavy metals to bed sediment posed no or little risk to human health, and the pathway of ingestion significantly contributed to human health risks.

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Heavy metals in sediments, soils, and aquatic plants from a secondary anabranch of the three gorges reservoir region, China

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Possibility of Metal Accumulation in Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) in the Aquatic Environment of South-Western Polish Rivers

Possibility of Metal Accumulation in Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) in the Aquatic Environment of South-Western Polish Rivers

Distribution and Potential Risk of Heavy Metals in Sediments of the Three Gorges Reservoir: The Relationship to Environmental Variables

Contamination and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Lake Bed Sediment of a Large Lake Scenic Area in China

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