Heavy Metals in Raw Milk and Dietary Exposure Assessment in the Vicinity of Leather-Processing Plants

Su, Chuanyou; Liu, Huimin; Qu, Xueyin; Zhou, Xin; Gao, Yanan; Yang, Hongjian; Zheng, Nan; Wang, Jiaqi

doi:10.1007/s12011-020-02470-8

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Animal feed is the main source of heavy metals [ 2 , 36 ]. In our previous study, the heavy metals in silage and the total mixed ration (TMR) of farms near a leather processing area were found to be higher than those in the control group [ 3 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The leather industry is the largest pillar industry in Wuji County, Shijiazhuang, China, and the output of the local leather industry accounts for 10% of the national total [ 31 ]. The details of the study area are reported in Su et al [ 3 ]. In brief, samples were obtained from healthy cows, raised in three farms that operated a mid-level extensive agricultural production system in Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, China, with varying proximity to industrial activities.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Farms A and B were located in the vicinity of leather processing plants (within 10 km of the source of pollution) in Wuji County. Farm C (control) was located far from (>50 km) the leather processing plants and was considered to be a non-polluted area that served as a control [ 3 ]. The three farms provided raw milk to the same dairy-processing corporation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The industry-fodder-animal pathway is considered to be a major source of animal exposure to metals [ 2 ]. In our previous study, heavy metal concentrations in pasture soil, water, and silage in the vicinity of a factory were found to be higher than in a control area, which led to high levels of heavy metals in milk [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Heavy Metal Exposure from Leather Processing Plants on Serum Oxidative Stress and the Milk Fatty Acid Composition of Dairy Cows: A Preliminary Study

Gao

et al. 2022

Animals

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This study investigated whether unsaturated fatty acids in milk and the oxidative status of cows are affected by heavy metal exposure due to leather processing. The blood lead (Pb) concentrations in cows from two farms in the polluted area were 16.27 ± 8.63 μg/L, respectively, which were significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the blood Pb concentrations in cows from an unpolluted farm (6.25 ± 3.04 μg/L). There were significantly (p < 0.05) lower levels of glutathione S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), and glutathione (GSH) in the serum of cows from the polluted area compared to the levels in cows from an unpolluted area. The linoleic acid (C18:2n6c) content in milk from the polluted area was 15% lower than in the control area. There was a significant correlation between linoleic acid in milk with the blood Pb and serum GSH levels. Heavy metals can alter fatty acid synthesis through oxidative stress, which may be the mechanism by which heavy metals affect fatty acid synthesis in milk.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of Heavy Metal Exposure from Leather Processing Plants on Serum Oxidative Stress and the Milk Fatty Acid Composition of Dairy Cows: A Preliminary Study

Gao

et al. 2022

Animals

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“…Milks and plant-based drinks are essential components of the diet of a large part of the population. Most studies have been focused on the determination of essential and nonessential elements in raw milk directly collected from the farm [47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. To the best of our knowledge, there are very few studies comparing the content of essential and nonessential elements in different types of milks, plant-based drinks and infant formula products found in the market.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential and Non-essential Trace Elements in Milks and Plant-Based Drinks

Marquès

Correig

Capdevila

et al. 2021

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Although milk and plant-based drinks are widely consumed foodstuffs with high nutritional value, their consumption may also mean intake of non-essential/toxic elements becoming a risk for human health. This study was aimed at determining the concentrations of essential (Ca, Co, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni and P) and non-essential/toxic (Hg, Pb, U and V) elements in milks (cow and goat), plant-based drinks (soy, almond, rice and oat) and infant formulas from organic and conventional production systems. Lactose-free, fresh and ultra-high-temperature (UHT) milks were also included. Chemical analyses were performed by means of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The content of the elements hereby assessed did not depend on the production system and the presence of lactose. However, significant differences were found in the concentrations of multiple elements when comparing sterilization methods, source (animal vs. plant-based) and animal species. Non-essential elements were not detected in milks and plant-based drinks, excepting Pb, which was detected in three samples. While the consumption of goat milk is recommended, considering the global intake of essential elements and the absence of non-essential elements, further studies should be conducted to confirm the absence of non-target toxic elements at very low trace levels. On the other hand, the best plant-based drinks are those made up with almonds (intake of Ca) and soy (K and Mg). The current results should be useful to help the population to balance the benefits and risks from milks and plant-based drinks consumption, as well as to adapt their dietary habits.

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Safety and quality evaluations of liquid milk and infant formula products in China in 2022

Meng

Zheng

Gao

et al. 2023

Animal Research and One Health

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Milk serves two nutritional functions: it provides nutrition while also maintaining a healthy intestinal microenvironment. Thus, the safety and quality of milk products are critical for consumers' health. To evaluate liquid milk and infant formula products in China, we analyzed nine indices of 294 batches of pasteurized milk (PM), 92 batches of ultra‐high temperature milk (UHT), and 20 batches of infant formula milk powder (IF) collected from 21 provinces in 2022. All PM, UHT, and IF samples were satisfactory concerning aflatoxin M1 contamination, contamination by heavy metals, and residues of veterinary drugs and pesticides. The contents of lactoferrin, α‐lactalbumin, β‐lactoglobulin, furosine, and lactulose in the majority of samples met the group standards. Moreover, the contents of lactoferrin, α‐lactalbumin, and β‐lactoglobulin were higher in PM than in UHT, while furosine and lactulose contents showed the opposite trend. The findings concerning the safety and quality of milk products in China provide important insights to aid consumer preferences for milk products.

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Heavy Metals in Raw Milk and Dietary Exposure Assessment in the Vicinity of Leather-Processing Plants

Cited by 19 publications

References 34 publications

Effects of Heavy Metal Exposure from Leather Processing Plants on Serum Oxidative Stress and the Milk Fatty Acid Composition of Dairy Cows: A Preliminary Study

Effects of Heavy Metal Exposure from Leather Processing Plants on Serum Oxidative Stress and the Milk Fatty Acid Composition of Dairy Cows: A Preliminary Study

Essential and Non-essential Trace Elements in Milks and Plant-Based Drinks

Safety and quality evaluations of liquid milk and infant formula products in China in 2022

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