Heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd) in sediment, Zooplankton and epibenthic invertebrates from the area of the continental slope of the Banc d’Arguin (Mauritania)

Trace metal dynamics in zooplankton from the Bay of Bengal during summer monsoon

“…Kahle and Zauke (2003) also determined trace metal concentrations (μg g −1 ) in zooplankton from the Weddell Sea, and their reported values were 0.02–0.08 for Co, 4.3–11.4 for Ni, 11–26 for Cu, 183–518 for Zn, 3.7–10.2 for Cd, and 0.2–0.7 for Pb. Similar concentrations of Zn (320 μg g −1 ) but with relatively higher concentrations of Cd (7.5 μg g −1 ), Pb (33 μg g −1 ), and Cu (55 μg g −1 ) were also reported for mixed copepods off Mauretania (Everaarts et al,1993).…”

“…However, the differences in trace metal enrichment in zooplankton observed from the upwelling zone, cyclonic eddy, and warm gyre are significant. There are a number of possible explanations for these differences: (1) changing bioavailability of trace metals due to different (bio‐)accumulation strategies of the copepods present; (2) spatially enhanced metal availability in coastal waters caused by river runoff and deeper water (50–75 m) outcropping to surface layers, as a result of upwelling and eddy mixing (Everaarts et al1993; Rejomon,2005); and (3) changing metal absorption in copepods from food items during upwelling while they are intensively feeding on phytoplankton, although the food uptake path is less relevant in the cyclonic eddy and irrelevant in the warm gyre (Muraleedharan et al,2007). The reduced water temperature and complex effects of upwelling plays a prominent role in structuring of phytoplankton communities in the upper ocean.…”

Heavy Metal Pollution and Eutrophication in the Lower Salado River Basin (Argentina)

“…Therefore, they tend to accumulate in soils and sediments (Förtsner & Wittmann, 1979;Salomons & Förstner, 1984;Everaarts, Heersters, & Fischer, 1993;Rosenberg & Resh, 1993;Amini Ranjbar, 1998). At low concentrations, most heavy metals may act as micronutrients but they are toxic at higher concentrations (Bryan, 1976;Lee & Luoma, 1998;Jeejeebhoy, 1999;Huang et al, 1999;Nelson, Roline, Thullen, Sartoris, & Boutwell, 2000;Roditi, Fisher, & Sanudo Wilhelmy, 2000;Wong, Chu, & Wong, 2000).…”

Aquatic sediments

“…Accumulation patterns varied both seasonally and spatially suggesting that nemerteans may be a useful bioindicator species in environmental monitoring programs. No significant relation between metal concentration and whole body samples (zooplankton and epibenthic invertebrates) and sediment (either bulk or silt) was present in samples from the continental slope off Mauritania (Everaarts et al, 1993). Benthos of southern North sea exhibited signs of pollution impact, but the northern part appeared relatively undisturbed (Basford et al, 1993).…”