Heavy metals content in edible mushrooms: A systematic review, meta-analysis and health risk assessment

Dowlati, Mohsen; Sobhi, Hamid Reza; Esrafili, Ali; Farzadkia, Mahdi; Yeganeh, Mojtaba

doi:10.1016/j.tifs.2021.01.064

Cited by 59 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Árvay et al (2015) from Slovakia have also found that consumption of M. procera may have a negative impact on the human health due to the high concentration of heavy metals. Similar HI values were reported from other countries in the region Croatia (0.506), Serbia (2.30) and Slovakia (1.655) (Dowlati et al 2021).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Element contents and health risk assessment in wild edible mushrooms of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Salihović¹,

Pazalja²,

Šapčanin³

et al. 2021

Plant Soil Environ.

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The content of macro- and microelements in dry samples of mushrooms of the species Macrolepiota procera, Boletus edulis and Cantharellus cibarius, collected at different areas in Bosnia and Herzegovina, was determined using the ICP-OES method (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry). Of the macroelements, K is the most represented, followed by S, P, Mg, and the least represented Ca and Na. Zn is the most represented of the essential microelements, followed by Fe, Se, Cu, Mn and Co. Al is the most abundant of the other trace elements followed by Ni and Cr. Of the toxic metals, the most represented is Cd, followed by Pb and As. There are differences in the concentration of micro- and macroelements in the mushrooms analysed, depending on the area from which they were collected because natural geology and geochemistry influence the content of macro- and microelements in wild edible mushrooms. The results show that the analysed mushrooms can be considered a good source of essential elements. The study also assessed potential health risks of heavy metals and the target hazard quotient (THQ) for As, Cd, Pb, Cu, Zn, Ni and Cr in the analysed mushrooms was lower than the safe level. The carcinogenic risk index revealed that Cd and Ni are the most prevalent pollutants in the mushrooms studied.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 87%

Element contents and health risk assessment in wild edible mushrooms of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Salihović¹,

Pazalja²,

Šapčanin³

et al. 2021

Plant Soil Environ.

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“…The findings add further evidence that Cu and Pb in the substrate can result in growth disturbances in fruit bodies. Mushrooms are known for their ability to (hyper)accumulate various elements, both essential and detrimental from the nutritional point of view, taken from the growth environment [30][31][32]. Therefore, it is not surprising that the specimens subjected to the described experiment showed a significantly higher accumulation of Cu and Pb compared to the non-supplemented control variant if these elements were added to the substrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

The importance of Cu × Pb interactions to Lentinula edodes yield, major/trace elements accumulation and antioxidants

Gąsecka

Siwulski

Budzyńska

et al. 2021

Eur Food Res Technol

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Due to the use of various substrates in the production of edible mushrooms which may contain metals, including Cu and Pb, it is important to understand the influence of mutual interactions between them in the process of their accumulation in fruit bodies. For this reason, the effects of Cu, Pb, and Cu × Pb on yield, accumulation of five major elements (Ca, K, Mg, Na and P), trace elements (Cu, Pb and Fe) and some bioactive compounds in Lentinula edodes fruit bodies were studied. Both the metals were added in doses of 0.1 and 0.5 mM (Cu0.1, Cu0.5, Pb0.1, Pb0.5 and their combinations). The addition of the metals resulted in a reduction in size, amount and finally yield of fruit bodies. Depending on the presence of Cu and or Pb and their concentration in the substrate, both antagonism and synergism may occur. The influence on the accumulation of other determining elements was also recorded. Among phenolic compounds, phenolic acids and flavonoids were detected. 2,5-Dihydroxybenzoic acid dominated in fruit bodies in the control variant, Pb0.1, Pb0.5 and all experimental variants enriched with Cu + Pb, while gallic acid was the major phenolic after Cu0.1 and Cu0.5 addition. Only protocatechuic acid content increased in all combinations. A significant decrease of all aliphatic acid contents in comparison to the control variant was observed in the Cu0.1 and Pb0.1 variants. Significant stimulation of aliphatic acid synthesis was recorded in Cu0.5 and Pb0.5 variants and in the mixture of both the metals. The additions pointed to the possible role of the determined molecules in detoxification mechanisms.

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“…The hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) were applied to quantify hazards raised by pesticide residues in CX. The acute, chronic, and cumulative risks were evaluated according to the following formula [31,[34][35][36]:…”

Section: Risk Assessments Of Pesticide Contents In CXmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection and Risk Assessments of Multi-Pesticides in Traditional Chinese Medicine Chuanxiong Rhizoma by LC/MS-MS and GC/MS-MS

Zhang

Gou

et al. 2022

Molecules

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With the internationalization of traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) and the increasing use of herbal medicines around the world, there are concerns over their safety. In recent years, there have been some sporadic reports of pesticide residues in Chuanxiong Rhizoma (CX), although the lack of systematic and comprehensive analyses of pesticide residues and evaluations of toxicological risks in human health has increased the uncertainty of the potential effects of pesticides exposure in humans. This study aimed to clarify the status of pesticide residues and to determine the health risks of pesticide residues in CX. The findings of this study revealed that 99 batches of CX samples contained pesticide residues ranging from 0.05 to 3013.17 μg/kg. Here, 6–22 kinds of pesticides were detected in each sample. Prometryn, carbendazim, dimethomorph, chlorpyrifos, chlorantraniliprole, pyraclostrobin, and paclobutrazol were the most frequently detected pesticides, with detection rates of 68.69–100%. Insecticides and fungicides accounted for 43.23% and 37.84% of the total pesticides detected, respectively. Here, 86.87% of the pesticide content levels were lower than 50 μg/kg, and a small number of samples contained carbofuran, dimethoate, and isofenphos-methyl exceeding the maximum residue levels (MRLs). A risk assessment based on the hazard quotient/hazard index (HQ/HI) approach revealed that the short-term, long-term, and cumulative risks of pesticide residues in CX are well below the levels that may pose a health risk. Worryingly, six banned pesticides (carbofuran, phorate sulfone, phorate-sulfoxide, isofenphos-methyl, terbufos-sulfone, and terbufoxon sulfoxide) were detected. This study has improved our understanding of the potential exposure risk of pesticide multi-residues in CX. The results of the study will have a positive impact on improving the quality and safety of CX and the development of MRLs for pesticide residues.

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Heavy metals content in edible mushrooms: A systematic review, meta-analysis and health risk assessment

Cited by 59 publications

References 27 publications

Element contents and health risk assessment in wild edible mushrooms of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Element contents and health risk assessment in wild edible mushrooms of Bosnia and Herzegovina

The importance of Cu × Pb interactions to Lentinula edodes yield, major/trace elements accumulation and antioxidants

Detection and Risk Assessments of Multi-Pesticides in Traditional Chinese Medicine Chuanxiong Rhizoma by LC/MS-MS and GC/MS-MS

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