Heavy metal species, mobility and availability in soils

Bruemmer, G. W.; Gerth, Joachim; Herms, U.

doi:10.1002/jpln.19861490404

Cited by 307 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The puta-tive Zn2+ transporter probably has a higher transport capacity for its substrate than the phytosiderophore transporter for Zn-phytosiderophores. Nevertheless, the uptake of phytosiderophore-chelated Zn will become predominant with decreasing free Zn and increasing phytosiderophore levels as in calcareous soils, where free Zn2+ concentrations may decrease below 0.01 WM (Bruemmer et al, 1986). As a response to low Zn availability, graminaceous plants can induce the release of phytosiderophores (Zhang et al, 1989;Cakmak et al, 1994;Walter et al, 1994), which may accumulate in the rhizosphere to concentrations of up to 1 p~ (Shi et al, 1988).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roots of Iron-Efficient Maize also Absorb Phytosiderophore-Chelated Zinc

1996

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To investigate the recognition of Zn-phytosiderophores by the putative Fe-phytosiderophore transporter in maize (Zea mays L.) roots, short-term uptake of 65Zn-labeled phytosiderophores was compared in the Fe-efficient maize cultivar Alice and the maize mutant ys1 carrying a defect in Fe-phytosiderophore uptake. In ys1, uptake and translocation rates of Zn from Zn-phytosiderophores were one-half of those in Alice, but no genotypical difference was found in Zn uptake and translocation from other Zn-binding forms. In ys1 and in tendency also in Alice, Zn uptake decreased with increasing stability constant of the chelate in the order: ZnSO4 [greater than or equal to] Zn-desferrioxamine > Zn-phytosiderophores > Zn-EDTA. Adding a 500-fold excess of free phytosiderophores over Zn to the uptake solution depressed Zn uptake in ys1 almost completely. In uptake studies with double-labeled 65Zn-14C-phytosiderophores, ys1 absorbed the phytosiderophore at similar rates when supplied as a Zn-chelate or the free ligand. By contrast, in Alice 14C-phytosiderophore uptake from the Zn-chelate was 2.8-fold higher than from the free ligand, suggesting that Alice absorbed the complete Zn-phytosiderophore complex via the putative plasma membrane transporter for Fe-phytosiderophores. We propose two pathways for the uptake of Zn from Zn-phytosiderophores in grasses, one via the transport of the free Zn cation and the other via the uptake of nondissociated Zn-phytosiderophores.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Roots of Iron-Efficient Maize also Absorb Phytosiderophore-Chelated Zinc

1996

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“…Some researchers attribute these differences to different mobility levels of the heavy metals (Bruemmer et al, 1986;Egiarte et al, 2009). Pb and Hg are usually found to have the lowest mobility, while Cd is relatively mobile in soils (Bruemmer et al, 1986).…”

Section: Distributions Of the Heavy Metals Among The Soil Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When subject to leaching, they may migrate with the leachate from the upper layers downward to the lower layers or may concentrate in certain layers. Their fate depends on the extractability and mobility of the heavy metals, which are heavily dependent on not only the pH, organic matters, clay mineral, Fe/Al oxides, and calcium carbonate in the soil but also their redox states (Bruemmer et al, 1986;Shaheen et al, 2013). The addition of FGD gypsum could have several effects on the soils in terms of the heavy metal concentrations.…”

Section: Distributions Of the Heavy Metals Among The Soil Layersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum Amendments on Heavy Metal Distribution in Reclaimed Sodic Soils

Chen

Wang

et al. 2015

Environmental Engineering Science

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Although flue gas desulfurization (FGD) gypsum has become an effective soil amendment for sodic soil reclamation, it carries extra heavy metal contamination into the soil environment. The fate of heavy metals introduced by FGD gypsum in sodic or saline-alkali soils is still unclear. This work aims to investigate the effects of FGD gypsum addition on the heavy metal distributions in a sodic soil. Original soil samples were collected from typical sodic land in north China. Soil column leaching tests were conducted to investigate the influence of FGD gypsum addition on the soil properties, especially on distribution profiles of the heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, As, and Hg) in the soil layers. Results showed that pH, electrical conductivity, and exchangeable sodium percentage in amended soils were significantly reduced from 10.2 to 8.46, 1.8 to 0.2 dS/m, and 18.14% to 1.28%, respectively. As and Hg concentrations in the soils were found to be positively correlated with FGD gypsum added. The amount of Hg in the leachate was positively correlated with FGD gypsum application ratio, whereas a negative correlation was observed between the Pb concentration in the leachate and the FGD gypsum ratio. Results revealed that heavy metal concentrations in soils complied well with Environmental Quality Standard for Soils in China (GB15618-1995). This work helps to understand the fate of FGD gypsum-introduced heavy metals in sodic soils and provides a baseline for further environmental risk assessment associated with applying FGD gypsum for sodic soil remediation.

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“…The specific ad sorption of Pb has been attributed to: (i) the relatively high affinity of Pb for most functional groups in organic matter, which are hard Lewis bases carboxylic and phenolic groups (Pb 2ϩ is a borderline hard Lewis acid); (ii) its electronegativ ity (2.10), enabling it to pull electron density away from soil surface functional groups during bond formation; and (iii) the relatively low pK H (nega tive log of hydrolysis constant, 7.78) of Pb, which allows it to form chemical bonds with soil surfaces in hydrolyzed form (Bruemmer et al, 1986;Forbes et al, 1976;Huheey, 1983;McBride, 1994). In this study, sorbed Pb that was not ex changeable with a neutral salt such as Mg(ClO 4 ) 2 or KNO 3 was assumed to be specifically adsorbed.…”

Section: Integral Heats Of Adsorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HEATS OF K/Ca AND K/Pb EXCHANGE IN TWO TROPICAL SOILS AS MEASURED BY FLOW CALORIMETRY 1

Appel

Rhue²,

Ma³

et al. 2002

Soil Science

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Flow calorimetry can provide useful information about surface chem ical reactions in soils that cannot be obtained readily by other methods. When flow calorimetry is conducted over a range of surface coverages, different sorption heats can be calculated to yield information about how binding energies vary with coverage, i.e., surface heterogeneity. The purpose of this study was to determine heats of exchange for K/Ca and K/Pb systems using flow calorimetry and to evaluate the degree of sur face heterogeneity with respect to cation exchange. Surface horizon sam ples from a Typic Acrorthox and Typic Tropohumult from Puerto Rico were used. Lead was adsorbed specifically in both soils, but no adsorp tion heat was detected for this reaction in either soil. However, heats as sociated with reversible cation exchange between K and Pb were ob served. Heats for K/Ca exchange were greater than those generated for K/Pb exchange in both soils. Heats of exchange were greater in the Ul tisol than in the Oxisol. The differential heats of exchange were inde pendent of exchange composition for both K/Pb and K/Ca exchange in the Oxisol, indicating that all cation exchange sites were similar energet ically. In the Ultisol, the differential heats of exchange increased as ex changeable K decreased, indicating that the exchange sites were not sim ilar energetically. These differences were attributed to the presence of smectite in the Ultisol, which was able, in part, to collapse when satu rated with K. (Soil Science 2002;167:773-781)

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Heavy metal species, mobility and availability in soils

Cited by 307 publications

References 35 publications

Roots of Iron-Efficient Maize also Absorb Phytosiderophore-Chelated Zinc

Roots of Iron-Efficient Maize also Absorb Phytosiderophore-Chelated Zinc

Influence of Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum Amendments on Heavy Metal Distribution in Reclaimed Sodic Soils

HEATS OF K/Ca AND K/Pb EXCHANGE IN TWO TROPICAL SOILS AS MEASURED BY FLOW CALORIMETRY 1

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