Heavy Metal Contamination in Vegetables and Their Control in China

Zhou, Ze-Hua; Fan, Yao-Po; Wang, Min‐Jian

doi:10.1081/fri-100100288

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…The concentrations (µg/g) of heavy metals in applied fertilizers urea -triple super phosphate (TSP) -muriate of potash (MoP) were 0.0-64.5-0.47 Pb, 0.0-1.01-0.21 Cd, 0.0-28.6-0.60 Ni, 0.0-56.8-2.01 Co, 0.0-41.4-1.60 Cr, respectively. The results are in good agreement with the data obtained by Zhou et al (2000). They stated that the main sources of soil pollution by heavy metals are phosphate fertilizers.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Heavy Metal Levels in Vegetables with Growth Stage and Plant Species Variations

Naser

Sultana

Mahmud

et al. 2012

Bangladesh J. Agric. Res

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Field experiment was conducted to compare and investigate the concentration levels of heavy metals in leafy vegetables with growth stage and plant species variations on an experimental field near the net house of Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh during November 2008 to January 2009. Seeds of spinach (Spinacia oleracea), red amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor) and amaranth (Amaranthus oleraseus) were sown on 14 November 2008. Plant and soil samples were collected at different growth stages, such as at 20, 30, 40, and 50 days after sowing (DAS). The concentrations of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), cobalt (Co), and chromium (Cr) in plant increased with the age of the plant, but the increase was not linear. The rate of increase of concentration of these metals at 20 to 30 DAS was found lower than that at 30 to 40 DAS, except Cr. Heavy metal content gradually increased at the early growing stage and fall during later stages of growth. The significant differences (P < 0.01) were observed between the mean metal concentrations in the three vegetables species. The Pb and Co concentrations in amaranth were found higher compared to those found in spinach and red amaranth. Spinach exhibited higher levels of Cd and Cr than those of other vegetables. However, the three vegetables did not differ significantly in its Ni concentration. The order of heavy metal level in different vegetables was Cd

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Heavy Metal Levels in Vegetables with Growth Stage and Plant Species Variations

Naser

Sultana

Mahmud

et al. 2012

Bangladesh J. Agric. Res

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“…However, the concentrations were higher than FAO/WHO limit of 0.3 mg/kg and even the more constraint WHO/EU limit of 0.2 mg/kg in vegetables [13]). The levels of Zn were also higher than literature reports of Hashmi et al [21], Akan et al [17], Abdullahi et al [13], Iyaka [1], Zhou et al [19] and Mendez et al [23]. Much higher concentrations of Zn (256±79.5 mg/kg) were however reported by Jung [15] and 31 mg/kg by Badilla-Ohlbaum et al [20].…”

Section: Comparison Of Metal Levels In Onion Bulbs With Literature Vacontrasting

confidence: 51%

“…The levels were however higher than reported values of 1.1 [21], 0.070 [19] and 4.2 mg/kg [22]. In addition it exceeded the 2.30 mg/kg maximum load of vegetables (Codex, 2001) and 0.1−0.2 mg/kg FAO/WHO joint limit [17].…”

Section: Comparison Of Metal Levels In Onion Bulbs With Literature Vacontrasting

confidence: 42%

Concentration levels of major and trace metals in onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) and irrigation water around Meki Town and Lake Ziway, Ethiopia

Kitata¹,

Chandravanshi²

2012

Bull. Chem. Soc. Eth.

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ABSTRACT. The levels of major (Na, K, Ca and Mg), trace (Cu, Co, Cr, Mn, and Zn), and toxic (Cd and Pb) metals in onion (Allium cepa L.) bulbs and irrigation water were determined by flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS). Dissolution of onion samples was carried out by wet digestion with a total volume of 2 mL HNO3 (69−72%) and 2 mL HClO4 (70%) mixture in a flask fitted with reflux condenser on Kjeldahl heating apparatus. The levels of major metals were Na (208 and 121 µg/g), K (3127 and 3298 µg/g), Ca (599 and 550 µg/g) and Mg (516 and 407 µg/g) in onion irrigated with water from well and Lake Ziway, respectively. Among the trace metals (µg/g dry weight), Zn was the highest (18 and 14) followed by Mn (8.8 and 13), Cr (4.9 and 6.6), Cu (3.2 and 3.6), and Co (1.2 and 1.8) in onion irrigated with water from well and Lake Ziway, respectively. The toxic metal Cd was 0.6 and 0.5 µg/g in onion irrigated with well and lake waters, respectively, while Pb was below method detection limit. The levels of Na, K, Ca and Mg detected in well water and the Lake Ziway water used for irrigation were (9.4, 4.6 mg/L), (43, 13 mg/L), (23, 10 mg/L) and (30, 8.6 mg/L), respectively. Higher levels of Zn (0.08 mg/L) and Co (0.06 mg/L) were found in the lake water while higher Mn (1.1 mg/L) and Cr (0.44 mg/L) in well water. The toxic metal Pb in both well and Lake Ziway water, and Cd in well water samples were below the method detection limits. Mn in well water and Cr in both water samples exceeded the FAO limit of maximum recommended level in irrigation waters.

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“…Most previous investigations on the chemical fractionation of metals in agricultural soils have focused on rice (Xiong et al, 2004), wheat (Nan and Cheng, 2001), and vegetables (Zhou et al, 2000) in China. Very little information is available on the distributions of metals in horticultural soils.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil acidification increases metal extractability and bioavailability in old orchard soils of Northeast Jiaodong Peninsula in China

Gestel

et al. 2014

Environmental Pollution

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a b s t r a c tThe bioavailability of Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd from field-aged orchard soils in a certified fruit plantation area of the Northeast Jiaodong Peninsula in China was assessed using bioassays with earthworms (Eisenia fetida) and chemical assays. Soil acidity increased with increasing fruit cultivation periods with a lowest pH of 4.34. Metals were enriched in topsoils after decades of horticultural cultivation, with highest concentrations of Cu (132 kg À1 ) and Zn (168 mg kg À1 ) in old apple orchards and Pb (73 mg kg À1 ) and Cd (0.57 mg kg À1 ) in vineyard soil. Earthworm tissue concentrations of Cu and Pb significantly correlated with 0.01 M CaCl 2 -extractable soil concentrations (R 2 ¼ 0.70, p < 0.001 for Cu; R 2 ¼ 0.58, p < 0.01 for Pb). Because of the increased bioavailability, regular monitoring of soil conditions in old orchards and vineyards is recommended, and soil metal guidelines need reevaluation to afford appropriate environmental protection under acidifying conditions.

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Heavy Metal Contamination in Vegetables and Their Control in China

Cited by 34 publications

References 1 publication

Heavy Metal Levels in Vegetables with Growth Stage and Plant Species Variations

Heavy Metal Levels in Vegetables with Growth Stage and Plant Species Variations

Concentration levels of major and trace metals in onion (<i>Allium cepa</i> L.) and irrigation water around Meki Town and Lake Ziway, Ethiopia

Soil acidification increases metal extractability and bioavailability in old orchard soils of Northeast Jiaodong Peninsula in China

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