“…Another important source of Cd is the use of mineral phosphate fertilizer, which typically contains high Zn and Cd concentrations in addition to other elements (Mortvedt, 1996; Lambert et al, 2007). Phosphate fertilizer application can directly increase both the P and Cd concentrations in the soil solution (Lambert et al, 2007) and agricultural land (Mortvedt, 1996).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Phosphate fertilizer application can directly increase both the P and Cd concentrations in the soil solution (Lambert et al, 2007) and agricultural land (Mortvedt, 1996). Across the region of this study, the predominant land use grades from cattle ranching in the west to crop production in the east.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, as Schultz et al (1980) noted, they can be decoupled and have low overall correlation in Pierre Shale. In addition, there can be anthropogenic additions of Cd and Zn to soils and sediments from the use of mineral P fertilizers (Mortvedt, 1996). …”
Cadmium, present locally in naturally high concentrations in the Northern Plains of the United States, is of concern because of its toxicity, carcinogenic properties, and potential for trophic transfer. Reports of natural concentrations in soils are dominated by dryland soils with agricultural land uses, but much less is known about cadmium in wetlands. Four wetland categories – prairie potholes, shallow lakes, riparian wetlands, and river sediments – were sampled comprising more than 300 wetlands across four states, the majority in North Dakota. Cd, Zn, P, and other elements were analyzed by ICP-MS, in addition to pH and organic matter (as loss-on-ignition). The overall cadmium content was similar to the general concentrations in the area’s soils, but distinct patterns occurred within categories. Cd in wetland soils is associated with underlying geology and hydrology, but also strongly with concentrations of P and Zn, suggesting a link with agricultural land use surrounding the wetlands.
“…Another important source of Cd is the use of mineral phosphate fertilizer, which typically contains high Zn and Cd concentrations in addition to other elements (Mortvedt, 1996; Lambert et al, 2007). Phosphate fertilizer application can directly increase both the P and Cd concentrations in the soil solution (Lambert et al, 2007) and agricultural land (Mortvedt, 1996).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Phosphate fertilizer application can directly increase both the P and Cd concentrations in the soil solution (Lambert et al, 2007) and agricultural land (Mortvedt, 1996). Across the region of this study, the predominant land use grades from cattle ranching in the west to crop production in the east.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…However, as Schultz et al (1980) noted, they can be decoupled and have low overall correlation in Pierre Shale. In addition, there can be anthropogenic additions of Cd and Zn to soils and sediments from the use of mineral P fertilizers (Mortvedt, 1996). …”
Cadmium, present locally in naturally high concentrations in the Northern Plains of the United States, is of concern because of its toxicity, carcinogenic properties, and potential for trophic transfer. Reports of natural concentrations in soils are dominated by dryland soils with agricultural land uses, but much less is known about cadmium in wetlands. Four wetland categories – prairie potholes, shallow lakes, riparian wetlands, and river sediments – were sampled comprising more than 300 wetlands across four states, the majority in North Dakota. Cd, Zn, P, and other elements were analyzed by ICP-MS, in addition to pH and organic matter (as loss-on-ignition). The overall cadmium content was similar to the general concentrations in the area’s soils, but distinct patterns occurred within categories. Cd in wetland soils is associated with underlying geology and hydrology, but also strongly with concentrations of P and Zn, suggesting a link with agricultural land use surrounding the wetlands.
“…the greatest increase in toxic elements in the environment and the agrarian ecosystem was caused by the development of industry in the last century (Jones et al 1987;schulte-Rentrop et al 2005). Beside immissions, the main reasons for increasing metal concentrations in the soil included the use of inorganic fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides and fungicides (alloway et al 1990;mortvedt and Beaton 1995). accumulation of heavy metals may block biochemical processes in soils and facilitate the entry of toxic metals into food chains (he et al 2005).…”
Abstractčelechovská o., l. malota, s. zima: entry of heavy metals into Food chains: a 20-year comparison study in Northern moravia (czech Republic). acta vet. Brno 2008, 77: 645-652.
“…Long-term applications of fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides containing metal and metalloids increase Cd, As and Pb accumulation in agricultural soils. It has been shown that long-term application of phosphate fertilizer increased Cd contents in agricultural soils, as most phosphate fertilizers contain trace amounts of Cd (Mortvedt, 1996). Most earlier herbicides and pesticides contained As and Pb.…”
Section: Agricultural Management and Industrial Activitiesmentioning
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.