Heavy metal concentrations in plants and different harvestable parts: A soil–plant equilibrium model

Guala, Sebastián; Vega, F.A.; Covelo, Emma F.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2010.04.026

Cited by 25 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…It is important to assess the bioavailability of metals and thus to distinguish between the total and available metal concentration (van Leeuwen 1999; Guala et al 2010bGuala et al , 2013. The free metal ion activity in solution may explain the metal uptake and toxicity to a greater degree than the total soil metal concentration (Sauvé et al 1998).…”

Section: Metal Bioavailability and Root Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The concentrations of metals in plants (Guala et al 2010a), and in parts of plants (Guala et al 2010b), can be predicted by a simple kinetic model based on their relationship with the concentrations of metals in soil. De Leo et al (1993) modeled the interaction between soil acidity and forest dynamics with respect to the mobilization of Al.…”

Section: Effects Of Metal Uptake On Plant Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

et al. 2014

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IntroductionPhytoextraction is a process which can remove the soluble (bioavailable) metal pool from soil or aqueous solutions using different kinds of terrestrial or aquatic plants. This transport may be divided into three different steps: (1) absorption from the solution (e.g., soil solution), (2) transport to the root xylem, and (3) transport to the shoots (Mench et al. 2009).A modern approach, how to evaluate the extraction potential of selected plants as well as how to plan and design the most effective metal phytoextraction, is the ability to relevantly model this process. There are many studies aimed at the modeling of metal transport. Nevertheless, there is a limited amount of present studies, which are focused on the modeling of the phytoremediation process. In general, developing an applicable model requires sufficient conceptual model description and a fundamental theoretical understanding of the studied system, as well as its experimental equipment and measurement; these are all crucial aspects required to create a relevant simulation of studied problem. This chapter attempts to describe the problems associated with metal phytoextraction modeling. The term "root metal uptake" is crucial for the simulation of phytoremediation of metals, which is a concrete modification of the general term "root uptake." Root uptake is one of the most important processes considered in numerical models because root surfaces represent the first-phase boundaries in nature for nutrients and toxic elements. In order to efficiently model the phytoextraction processes, it is essential to provide information about (1) the spatiotemporal concentration changes of metals in the root-influenced soil and (2) the cumulative uptake of metals per unit length of root over time (Darrah et al. 2006). Root UptakeDetermining water and metal uptake by plant roots and their subsequent translocation into the tissues of the aerial parts is obviously critical for assessing the modeling of phytoremediation options. Because metals are taken up by plants dissolved in water, it is crucial to have information about the transport of water and the hydraulic properties of the roots. Root Water UptakeWater is primarily absorbed by the root hairs and other root zones and then transported to the aerial parts in xylem tissues. Water absorption by the plants is mainly a response to the water potential gradient (from low to high energy) from the rhizosphere to the xylem of the roots. Soil water has a lower total solute concentration than plant water, and hence the osmotic gradient tends to drive water from the soil into the root. The rate of water uptake from the soil depends on rooting density, the hydraulic conductivity of the roots, and the difference between average soil-water suction and root suction. The root hydraulic conductivity is a measure of the amount of water transported by the root in an interval of time at a determinate pressure [mg g et al. 1987). It depends on osmotic potential gradients which result from differences in the composition and t...

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Section: Metal Bioavailability and Root Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Metal Uptake On Plant Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoextraction of Metals: Modeling Root Metal Uptake and Associated Processes

et al. 2014

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“…Its availability in arable soils might get increased by the application of herbicides and pesticides in crops, by the disposal of industrial wastes in whose composition it is present, or by gold mining (Ali et al, 2009;Dho et al, 2010;Guala et al, 2010;Zhao et al, 2010). The main route of entry of this pollutant in the food chain is through ingestion of contaminated water, seafood, grains and vegetables, due either to cultivation in polluted soils or to irrigation with water containing excessive amounts of the element (Carbonell- Barrachina et al, 2009;Bhattacharya et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic accumulation in Brassicaceae seedlings and its effects on growth and plant anatomy

Freitas-Silva

Araújo

Silva

et al. 2016

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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We wished to evaluate the effects of arsenic on the morphology and anatomy of Brassica oleracea, Raphanus sativus, Brassica juncea, Brassica oleracea var. capitata and Brassica oleracea var. italica. Seeds were subjected to concentrations 0µM, 250µM, 350µM and 450µM arsenic in the form of sodium arsenate (Na2HAsO4·7H2O) during 12 days. All species accumulated more arsenic in the roots than in the shoots, except for B. oleracea var. capitata. There was no difference of translocation factor between species and treatments. Growth decrease was observed in roots of B. oleracea and R. sativus, and in shoots of R. sativus and B. oleracea var. italica. All species presented anatomical alterations in the roots, such as: cell hypertrophy, protoplast retraction, cellular plasmolysis, and necrotic regions. B. juncea presented collapse and hypertrophy of cells from the leaf blade tissues. Quantitative anatomical analyses performed on the root and leaves of B. oleracea and B. juncea revealed that arsenic interfered on the root vascular cylinder diameter and on height of epidermal cells of the adaxial leaf surface of both species. We concluded that arsenic was absorbed from the culture medium and induced alterations both on root and shoot growth of the seedlings. Retention of arsenic within the root was responsible for major damage in this organ.

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“…Although B originally refers to the plant biomass, Guala et al (2009Guala et al ( , 2010b have shown that it may also indicate the development of some other physiological characteristics, and Eq. 1 may also be applied.…”

Section: Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%