Heavy metal concentrations in natural and human-impacted sediments of Segara Anakan Lagoon, Indonesia

Abstract

The concentrations of eight elements (Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Ti, V, and Zn) in surface sediments from Segara Anakan Nature Reserve (SARN), Indonesia, were determined using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy following microwave-assisted acid digestion. In general, the heavy metal concentrations of the sediments were found to decrease in the sequence Fe > Ti > Mn > Zn > V > Cu > Cr > Ni. Sediment pollution assessment was carried out using a pollution status index contamination factor, pollution load index, geoaccumulation index, and enrichment factor as well as by comparing the measured values with two sediment quality guidelines, i.e., threshold effect level and probable effect level. The evaluation showed that in the refinery site stations, Cr, Ni, and Zn concentrations found in the SANR sediments may cause the adverse effect to occur over a wider range of organisms and can contribute to a more serious harmful effect.

Interactions Between Environmental Factors and Zinc Concentrations in Porewater and Roots of Rhizophora sp. in Ampallas, Mamuju, West Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…The Zn concentrations in mangrove sediments of Dumai, Sumatra were between 41.55 -75.26 mg/kg (Amin, Ismail, Arshad, Yap, Kamarudin, 2009), while Zn sediment levels from Segara Anakan Nature Reserved were 39-154 mg/kg (Syakti et al, 2015). The concentration of Zn in sediments in mangrove of the Rawa Aopa Watumohai National Park, Southeast Sulawesi were between 8.33 -16.16 mg/kg, while the Zn concentrations in seawater at the area were 0.13 -0.14 mg/L (Analuddin et al, 2017).…”

Spatial Distribution of Heavy Metals in the Surface Sediments of the Southern Coast of Pacitan, Indonesia

“…However, between each sampling site, the highest percentage of organic matter was always found in the station closest to the river input or mangrove habitat. Mangroves are well known to be the source of organic matter deposition to the mangrove bottom habitat and the habitat surrounding [1,4,[15][16].…”

“…Aquatic sediments accumulate heavy metals by adsorption or precipitation processes. This accumulation depends on the size characteristics of the sediments [1,4]. There is a linear correlation between heavy metal concentration and the fraction of particles, i.e., metals increased with decreasing grain size of sediments [1].…”

Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination in Sediments of the Vridi Canal (Côte d’Ivoire)

“…The CF is the ratio obtained by dividing the concentration of each metal in the sediment by the baseline or background value [7] [8].…”