Heavy metal accumulation in vegetables grown in a long-term wastewater-irrigated agricultural land of tropical India

Gupta, Neha; Khan, Dilip Kumar; Santra, S. C.

doi:10.1007/s10661-011-2450-7

Cited by 112 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In Accra, cabbage grown on wastewater-irrigated site contributed 3.14 μg to the daily intake (Lente et al 2012). (Maleki and Zarasvand 2008;Gupta et al 2012). Although the concentrations of Pb in all analyzed vegetables were far above the RML standard, the total EDIs (0.094-1.32 μg d −1 ) were substantially lower than the PTDI standard.…”

Section: Daily Intake Of Metals and Target Hazard Quotientmentioning

confidence: 93%

Heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Wastewater irrigation for vegetable production is a highly prevalent practice in Addis Ababa and a number of articles have been published on wastewater-irrigated soils and vegetables contaminated with heavy metals. However, to the best of our knowledge, an insight into assessment of human health risks associated with the consumption of vegetable crops grown on wastewater-irrigated soils is non-existent in the city. Long-term effect of wastewater irrigation on the build-up of heavy metals in soils and selected vegetable crops in Addis Ababa urban vegetable farming sites (10) was evaluated. By calculating estimated daily intakes (EDIs) and target hazard quotients (THQs) of metals, health risk associated with the consumption of the analyzed vegetables was also evaluated. Results: The heavy metal concentrations in irrigation water and soils did not exceed the recommended maximum limits (RMLs). Moreover, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni and Zn concentrations in all analyzed vegetables were lower than the RML standards. In contrast, Pb concentrations were 1.4-3.9 times higher. Results of two way ANOVA test showed that variation in metals concentrations were significant (p < 0.001) across farming site, vegetable type and site x vegetable interaction. The EDI and THQ values showed that there would be no potential health risk to local inhabitants due to intake of individual metal if one or more of the analyzed vegetables are consumed. Furthermore, total target hazard quotients (TTHQs) for the combined metals due to all analyzed vegetables were lower than 1, suggesting no potential health risk even to highly exposed local inhabitants. Conclusions: There is a great respite that toxic metals like Pb and Cd have not posed potential health risk even after long term (more than 50 years) use of this water for irrigation. However, intermittent monitoring of the metals from irrigation water, in soil and crops may be required to follow/prevent their build-up in the food chain.

show abstract

Section: Daily Intake Of Metals and Target Hazard Quotientmentioning

confidence: 93%

Heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…vegetables at different age groups. In Indian scenario, it has been assumed that the average daily vegetable intake for adult and children are 345 and 232 g person -1 day -1 , respectively, and the average adult and child body weights are 55.9 and 32.7 kg (Gupta et al 2012).…”

Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of potential health risks due to heavy metals through vegetable consumption in a tropical area irrigated by treated wastewater

2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Consumption of wastewater-irrigated vegetables is a common practice in developing countries including India. The wastewater irrigation gradually raises the contents of heavy metals in soils and vegetables. The consumption of heavy metal-rich vegetables may cause serious risk to the human health. Therefore, quantification of heavy metals in vegetables collected from wastewaterirrigated field is needed as proportion of farmers using wastewater for irrigation is increasing due to scarcity of water. The aim of the present study was to assess the heavy metal accumulation and the potential human health risks associated with consumption of contaminated vegetables irrigated with waste (WWT) and mixed wastewater (MWWT), grown in an agricultural area of Bhagwanpur, near Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. Seven common vegetables growing at two differentially irrigated areas (WWT and MWWT) were considered for the study. At each site, three samples, each from water, soil and different vegetables, were taken. The samples after digestion were analysed for heavy metal contents using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Heavy metal contents in soils, vegetables, transfer factor (TF) from soil to vegetables, metal pollution index (MPI) and their health risk in form of target hazard quotients (THQs) were calculated. Results showed significantly higher contents of heavy metals in water, soil and vegetable at WWT than MWWT. The TF value of Cd was notably greater in WWT compared to the MWWT. The values of THQ in children and adults were [1 for Pb and Cd in case of all vegetables at both WWT and MWWT. Among the vegetables, MPI was highest for B. vulgaris followed by B. botrytis, B. capitata, R. sativus, B. nigra, A. sativum and S. tuberosum. THQ for both categories were mostly higher for WWT compared at MWWT, suggesting a greater health risk to local residents from vegetable of the former than latter site. The present study suggests regular monitoring of water quality prior to discharge for irrigation uses and also points out to adopt better wastewater management strategies for proper utilization and disposal of wastewater.

show abstract

“…The contaminated leafy vegetables pose a significant health risk to humans. The nature of effects can be toxic, neuro toxic, Carcinogenic and becomes apparent only after several years of exposure, as there is no good mechanism for their elimination from the human body [8,9]. The study by number of researchers shows that elevated level of heavy metals presence in vegetables grown in areas where UWW is used for long term irrigation [2,10,11].…”

Section: Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of heavy metals uptake in leafy vegetables grown on long term wastewater irrigated soil across Vrishabhavathi River, Bangalore, Karnataka.

2013

IOSR-JESTFT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Heavy metal accumulation in vegetables grown in a long-term wastewater-irrigated agricultural land of tropical India

Cited by 112 publications

References 21 publications

Heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Heavy metal accumulation and health risk assessment in wastewater-irrigated urban vegetable farming sites of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Assessment of potential health risks due to heavy metals through vegetable consumption in a tropical area irrigated by treated wastewater

Assessment of heavy metals uptake in leafy vegetables grown on long term wastewater irrigated soil across Vrishabhavathi River, Bangalore, Karnataka.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About