Heavy-Drinking Smokers' Treatment Needs and Preferences: A Mixed-Methods Study

Fucito, Lisa M.; Hanrahan, Tess H.

doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2015.07.001

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…However, our results suggest there is a subset of smokers who are interested in changing both tobacco and alcohol use behaviors at the same time. These findings are consistent with prior work [ 31 , 32 ] and support the idea of integrating smoking cessation services into treatment for co-occurring substance use [ 33 - 36 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Exploring the Utility of Web-Based Social Media Advertising to Recruit Adult Heavy-Drinking Smokers for Treatment

Bold¹,

Hanrahan²,

O’Malley³

et al. 2016

J Med Internet Res

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BackgroundIdentifying novel ways to recruit smokers for treatment studies is important. In particular, certain subgroups of adult smokers, such as heavy-drinking smokers, are at increased risk for serious medical problems and are less likely to try quitting smoking, so drawing this hard-to-reach population into treatment is important for improving health outcomes.ObjectiveThis study examined the utility of Facebook advertisements to recruit smokers and heavy-drinking smokers for treatment research and evaluated smoking and alcohol use and current treatment goals among those who responded to the Web-based survey.MethodsUsing Facebook’s advertising program, 3 separate advertisements ran for 2 months targeting smokers who were thinking about quitting. Advertisements were shown to adult (at least 18 years of age), English-speaking Facebook users in the greater New Haven, Connecticut, area. Participants were invited to complete a Web-based survey to determine initial eligibility for a smoking cessation research study.ResultsAdvertisements generated 1781 clicks and 272 valid, completed surveys in 2 months, with one advertisement generating the most interest. Facebook advertising was highly cost-effective, averaging $0.27 per click, $1.76 per completed survey, and $4.37 per participant meeting initial screening eligibility. On average, those who completed the Web-based survey were 36.8 (SD 10.4) years old, and 65.8% (179/272) were female. Advertisements were successful in reaching smokers; all respondents reported daily smoking (mean 16.2 [SD 7.0] cigarettes per day). The majority of smokers (254/272, 93.4%) were interested in changing their smoking behavior immediately. Many smokers (161/272, 59.2%) also reported heavy alcohol consumption at least once a month. Among smokers interested in reducing their alcohol use, more were heavy drinkers (45/56, 80.4%) compared to non-heavy drinkers (11/56, 19.6%; χ2[1,N=272]=13.0, P<.001). Of those who met initial screening eligibility from the Web-based survey, 12.7% (14/110) attended an in-person follow-up appointment.ConclusionsSocial media advertisements designed to target smokers were cost-effective and successful for reaching adult smokers interested in treatment. Additionally, recruiting for smokers reached those who also drink alcohol heavily, many of whom were interested in changing this behavior as well. However, additional social media strategies may be needed to engage individuals into treatment after completion of Web-based screening surveys.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Exploring the Utility of Web-Based Social Media Advertising to Recruit Adult Heavy-Drinking Smokers for Treatment

Bold¹,

Hanrahan²,

O’Malley³

et al. 2016

J Med Internet Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although combined alcohol and nicotine use is extremely common, treatment programs do not typically address smoking cessation during alcohol dependence treatment, and individuals dependent on both substances may not prefer simultaneous treatment (Kodl et al, 2006; Fucito and Hanrahan, 2015). However, simultaneous treatment can reduce alcohol consumption and increase alcohol abstinence (Gulliver et al, 2006; Cooney et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voluntary co-consumption of alcohol and nicotine: Effects of abstinence, intermittency, and withdrawal in mice

et al. 2016

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Alcohol and nicotine are often used together, and there is a high rate of co-occurrence between alcohol and nicotine addiction. Most animal models studying alcohol and nicotine interactions have utilized passive drug administration, which may not be relevant to human co-addiction. In addition, the interactions between alcohol and nicotine in female animals have been understudied, as most studies have used male animals. To address these issues, we developed models of alcohol and nicotine co-consumption in male and female mice that utilized voluntary, oral consumption of unsweetened alcohol, nicotine and water. We first examined drug consumption and preference in single-drug, sequential alcohol and nicotine consumption tests in male and female C57BL/6 and DBA/2J mice. We then tested chronic continuous and intermittent access alcohol and nicotine co-consumption procedures. We found that male and female C57BL/6 mice readily co-consumed unsweetened alcohol and nicotine. In our continuous co-consumption procedures, we found that varying the available nicotine concentration during an alcohol abstinence period affected compensatory nicotine consumption during alcohol abstinence, and affected rebound alcohol consumption when alcohol was re-introduced. Consumption of alcohol and nicotine in an intermittent co-consumption procedure produced higher alcohol consumption levels, but not nicotine consumption levels, compared with the continuous co-consumption procedures. Finally, we found that intermittent alcohol and nicotine co-consumption resulted in physical dependence. Our data show that these voluntary co-consumption procedures can be easily performed in mice and can be used to study behavioral interactions between alcohol and nicotine consumption, which may better model human alcohol and nicotine co-addiction.

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“…Tobacco smoking intervention during concurrent alcohol treatment is often low‐intensity and poorly integrated (Kalman et al., ), but shows promise for improving both smoking cessation and alcohol relapse outlook (Burling et al., ). Further, heavy‐drinking tobacco smokers express overall enthusiasm for combined smoking and alcohol interventions (Fucito and Hanrahan, ). From the perspective of the GABA A receptor system, our findings do not contradict the use of drugs acting on the nicotinic system, such as nicotine replacement therapies and varenicline (Chantix), for tobacco smokers undergoing alcohol withdrawal.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nicotine and Nicotine Abstinence Do Not Interfere with GABA_A Receptor Neuroadaptations During Alcohol Abstinence

Hillmer

Kloczynski

Sandiego

et al. 2016

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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Background Alcohol dependence and tobacco smoking are highly comorbid, and treating both conditions simultaneously is controversial. Previously, we showed that tobacco smoking interferes with GABAA receptor neuroadaptations during alcohol withdrawal in humans, while this effect did not occur with continued nicotine use during alcohol abstinence in nonhuman primates. Here, we extend our previous work by measuring GABAA receptor availability with positron emission tomography (PET) during drug abstinence in nonhuman primates exposed to alcohol alone, nicotine and alcohol together, and alcohol abstinence with continued nicotine exposure. Methods Twenty-four adolescent male rhesus macaques orally self-administered alcohol and nicotine, available separately in water and saccharin, over 20 weeks. The groups included alcohol alone (n = 8); nicotine and alcohol with simultaneous abstinence (n = 8); nicotine and alcohol with alcohol abstinence while nicotine was still available (n = 8); and a pilot group of animals consuming nicotine alone (n = 6). Animals were imaged with [11C]flumazenil PET to measure binding potential (BPND), an index of GABAA receptor availability. Imaging occurred at baseline (drug-naíve), and following alcohol and/or nicotine cessation at 1 day, 8 days, and 12 weeks of abstinence. Generalized linear mixed models were used to examine the time course of [11C]flumazenil BPND during alcohol abstinence across groups. Results Animals consumed 3.95 ± 1.22 g/kg/d alcohol and 55.4 ± 35.1 mg/kg/d nicotine. No significant group effects were observed in [11C]flumazenil BPND during alcohol abstinence; however, a main effect of time was detected. Post hoc analyses indicated that all groups abstaining from alcohol exhibited significantly increased GABAA receptor availability at 1 day and 8 days (but not 12 weeks) of abstinence relative to baseline, while no changes in [11C]flumazenil BPND during nicotine abstinence alone were observed. Conclusions These data indicate that neither nicotine nor nicotine abstinence interferes with GABAA receptor neuroadaptations during alcohol withdrawal. This conclusion is consistent with our previous study and does not contradict the use of nicotine replacement therapies or non-nicotinic-acting pharmaceuticals to quit smoking during alcohol withdrawal from a GABAergic perspective.

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Heavy-Drinking Smokers' Treatment Needs and Preferences: A Mixed-Methods Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Exploring the Utility of Web-Based Social Media Advertising to Recruit Adult Heavy-Drinking Smokers for Treatment

Exploring the Utility of Web-Based Social Media Advertising to Recruit Adult Heavy-Drinking Smokers for Treatment

Voluntary co-consumption of alcohol and nicotine: Effects of abstinence, intermittency, and withdrawal in mice

Nicotine and Nicotine Abstinence Do Not Interfere with GABA_A Receptor Neuroadaptations During Alcohol Abstinence

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Heavy-Drinking Smokers' Treatment Needs and Preferences: A Mixed-Methods Study

Cited by 9 publications

References 55 publications

Exploring the Utility of Web-Based Social Media Advertising to Recruit Adult Heavy-Drinking Smokers for Treatment

Exploring the Utility of Web-Based Social Media Advertising to Recruit Adult Heavy-Drinking Smokers for Treatment

Voluntary co-consumption of alcohol and nicotine: Effects of abstinence, intermittency, and withdrawal in mice

Nicotine and Nicotine Abstinence Do Not Interfere with GABAA Receptor Neuroadaptations During Alcohol Abstinence

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Nicotine and Nicotine Abstinence Do Not Interfere with GABA_A Receptor Neuroadaptations During Alcohol Abstinence