Heavy Drinking and Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs among University Students: A 9-Year Follow-Up

Miramontes, Alicia Busto; Moure-Rodríguez, Lucía; Díaz-Geada, Ainara; Holguı́n, Socorro Rodrı́guez; Corral, Montserrat; Cadaveira, Fernando; Caamaño-Isorna, Francisco

doi:10.3390/ijerph16162939

Cited by 16 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…Following the polyconsumption line, Busto-Miramontes et al [31] focused on assessing the relationship of alcohol consumption among university students with the nonmedical use of prescription drugs, and highlighted the importance of delaying the age of onset of alcohol consumption to prevent the polyconsumption.…”

Section: Manuscripts Selected By Usmentioning

confidence: 99%

We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

Moure-Rodríguez

Caamaño-Isorna

2020

IJERPH

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In recent years, new consumption patterns, such as binge drinking, have increased among young people and have not always been recognized as problematic either by health personnel or by society in general, as they are intensive episodes, interspersed with no consumption periods. Although the prevalence of alcohol use disorders in the adult population continues to be higher in men than in women, these gender differences in relation to alcohol consumption are barely observed in adolescents between 14 and 18. Therefore, we are witnessing a change in the pattern of consumption, from regular to episodic, and an attenuation of gender differences. New patterns of alcohol consumption have not only been associated with an increased risk of alcohol use disorders in adult life, but also with neurocognitive involvement in youth. Understanding the risk and resilience factors of alcoholism or problematic drinking patterns will not only allow us to identify the most vulnerable group, but also to guide prevention programs towards protective factors; the skills that contribute to the natural abandonment of the pattern. Knowing the variables involved in the trajectories of abandonment and dependency would contribute to personalizing the interventions and increasing their efficacy and success—a lower relapse rate—, reducing the economic and socio-sanitary costs associated with alcohol dependency, as well as improving the health and well-being, family relations, work and social status of alcohol-dependent people.

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Section: Manuscripts Selected By Usmentioning

confidence: 99%

We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

Moure-Rodríguez

Caamaño-Isorna

2020

IJERPH

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“…Acute and chronic alcohol (i.e., ethanol) consumption are major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, particularly cardiac arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death [1]. (Heavy) Episodic alcohol drinking is a major public health issue, affecting 1 in 6 adults and more than 30% of college-age individuals in the United States and Europe [2,3]. Acute excessive ethanol intake can promote cardiac arrhythmias, a phenomenon known as 'holiday heart syndrome' [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute effects of alcohol on cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis: Insights from multiscale in silico analyses

Sutanto

Cluitmans

Dobrev

et al. 2020

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology

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Acute excessive ethyl alcohol (ethanol) consumption alters cardiac electrophysiology and can evoke cardiac arrhythmias, e.g., in 'holiday heart syndrome'. Ethanol acutely modulates numerous targets in cardiomyocytes, including ion channels, Ca 2+-handling proteins and gap junctions. However, the mechanisms underlying ethanol-induced arrhythmogenesis remain incompletely understood and difficult to study experimentally due to the multiple electrophysiological targets involved and their potential interactions with preexisting electrophysiological or structural substrates. Here, we employed cellular-and tissue-level in-silico analyses to characterize the acute effects of ethanol on cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis. Acute electrophysiological effects of ethanol were incorporated into human atrial and ventricular cardiomyocyte computer models: reduced I Na , I Ca,L , I to , I Kr and I Kur , dual effects on I K1 and I K,ACh (inhibition at low and augmentation at high concentrations), and increased I NCX and SR Ca 2+ leak. Multiscale simulations in the absence or presence of preexistent atrial fibrillation or heart-failure-related remodeling demonstrated that low ethanol concentrations prolonged atrial action-potential duration (APD) without effects on ventricular APD. Conversely, high ethanol concentrations abbreviated atrial APD and prolonged ventricular APD. High ethanol concentrations promoted reentry in tissue simulations, but the extent of reentry promotion was dependent on the presence of altered intercellular coupling, and the degree, type, and pattern of fibrosis. Taken together, these data provide novel mechanistic insight into the potential proarrhythmic interactions between a preexisting substrate and acute changes in cardiac electrophysiology. In particular, acute ethanol exposure has concentration-dependent electrophysiological effects that differ between atria and ventricles, and between healthy and diseased hearts. Low concentrations of ethanol can have anti-fibrillatory effects in atria, whereas high concentrations promote the inducibility and maintenance of reentrant atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, supporting a role for limiting alcohol intake as part of cardiac arrhythmia management.

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“…Our study presents some limitations: 1) An analysis per protocol has not been made, which could bias the conclusions of this paper. However, the sample followed is a representative sample of the initial sample, as demonstrated in previous studies published by this research team ( 23 , 24 , 36 ). Therefore, the results are unlikely to be biased by attrition rates; 2) The third question of the AUDIT does not allow to differentiate for gender.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our research team has previously studied the Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs among University Students, understood as the consumption of certain groups of drugs that have been frequently associated with a more playful intention or at least with non-medical use of this drug (23). In this manuscript we continue to devolve into drug use, although in this case with a different approach and variables, studying the consumption of prescription drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Non-Prescribed Prescription Drugs and Substance Use Among College Students: A 9-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study

et al. 2020

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The use of non-prescribed prescription drugs (NPPD) is common in post-modern societies and a significant proportion of youth consume NPPD concomitantly to other drugs. We studied the prevalence of this consumption among university students in Spain, and its relationship to different patterns of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use. A cohort study among university students (n=1,380) (2005-2015) was carried out. Students completed self-administered questionnaires at initial (n=1,363, 98.7%), at 2 years (n=875, 75%) and 9 years of follow-up (n=415, 30.5%). Consumption of medicines (last 15 days), risky alcohol consumption (RC), heavy episodic drinking (HED), and tobacco and cannabis use were measured. Multilevel logistic regressions for repeated measures were generated using consumption of medicines with or without medical prescription as dependent variables. Prevalence of RC, HED, tobacco and cannabis had significant reductions during the follow-up. The use of NPPD increased over time, from 35.5% and 33.3% at 18 and 22 years old, respectively, to 49.6% at 27 years old. The highest rates were found among cannabis, tobacco, RC and HED users. For females, cannabis and RC constitute signitifant risk factors for use of NPPD. Conversely, for males, tobacco and cannabis were risk factors for such use of medicines. Later onset of alcohol consumption constitutes a protective factor for females. Our results reveal high prevalence of NPDD among university students. Those who consume NPPD are-at the same time-more likely to be alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis users than those who take medication under prescription. Preventive strategies should be reinforced and focused on this target population to decrease these high levels of poly-consumption.

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Heavy Drinking and Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs among University Students: A 9-Year Follow-Up

Cited by 16 publications

References 53 publications

We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

We Need to Delay the Age of Onset of Alcohol Consumption

Acute effects of alcohol on cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmogenesis: Insights from multiscale in silico analyses

The Use of Non-Prescribed Prescription Drugs and Substance Use Among College Students: A 9-Year Follow-Up Cohort Study

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